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Streszczenie
This article is dedicated to a philosophical interpretation of
Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground. In contrast to the existential
interpretation proposed by Shestov (in Philosophy of tragedy) the
author defends the thesis that Dostoevsky’s novel has to be interpreted
from the perspective of modernity, and the tragedy of his hero, the
underground man, has to be interpreted in categories of alienation and
inauthentic existence. From that perspective the divide between normal
life and underground life expresses the fundamental contradiction of
the modern world. The author indicates the proximity between
Dostoevsky’s and Kierkegaard’s and Nietzsche’s analyses of modernity.
He then shows that Dostoevsky contrasts the arbitrariness of the
underground man to a deterministic, scientistic vision of the world and
makes it an important premise of his understanding of an authentic
existence based on freedom and faith.
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