Streszczenie
The present research deals with several old names of settlements and the toponyms which are derived from them. It proposes an alternative analysis of their origin, word-formation structure and semantics, paying attention to sound and other changes they have undergone throughout their existence. Taking into account the historically conditioned changeability of names of settlements, the author tries to confirm also their historical continuity, even if it can be established only on the semantic level. He notes that some of the old names of settlements occur in contemporary language as bases from which adjectives, names of inhabitants and surnames are derived. The study of them is interesting in this regard also.