Umiędzynarodowienie sektora mid-tech na przykładzie wymiany handlowej sektora samochodowego w Polsce w latach 2004–2012
Streszczenie
The automotive industry is one of the most important sectors for Polish total exports
and imports in terms of value, as well as the factor of trade intensity trade. The paper
is aimed at verifying the hypothesis according to which the sector covered in this research
does not strengthen the capital intensity of Polish exports and fosters international
division of labour between centres and semi-peripheries. Thus, the issues raised here
are considered in the context of the middle income trap.
The author analysed trade streams in Polish exports and imports through the changes
in their structure, evolution of revealed comparative advantages (RCA), import
penetration (IMP), revealed advantages in trade (RTA), trade balance and the level of
intra-industry trade (IIT) together with an attempt to distinguish the shares of vertical
and horizontal exchange. For the purpose of the research, data at the 4- and 6-digit disaggregation
level of the Harmonised System were used.
As a middle income country Poland is still an attractive location for foreign investments
of multinational companies. However, it may preserve the developmental gap.
This may be proven by the structure of the trade in the sector covered: cars and parts
and accessories of motor vehicles are the most dominant sections, which is consistent
with the level of revealed comparatives advantages and revealed advantages in trade.
What is also worth noticing are the trade relations with Germany, where one can easily
identify a technological dependency.
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