Żurnal i protokół. Dwa style krytyczne rosyjskich formalistów

Abstract

Along with the birth of modern literery studies in the early 1900s two of its styles are formed permanently: academic and marketplace. They emerged at the same time in two schools of so-called Russian formation – the Moscow Linguistic Circle and OPOJAZ from St. Petersburg. They were the product of the same generation of cooperating researchers using similar methodologies. What unified them was the same highly critical orientation, however, they followed different values: purely scientific in case of the MLC and socio-political as far OPOJAZ. This manifested itself not only in the styles and genres of their scientific statements, but also in their biographies. Legacy of the two schools of radical cognitive anti-dogmatism is different for various reasons. The marketplace model created by OPOJAZ is settled more strongly in the literary studies, what is more, it was identified as so called formal school for nearly all twentieth century. Its historic success is due to the social demand for engaged humanities. But the evaluation of the achievements of researchers from both schools terms of innovation and significance, and even their ethical conduct is still controversial.