Osuwiska w województwie łódzkim i ich szczególny charakter w wyrobisku KWB "Bełchatów"

Abstract

An increase of the intensity of landslide processes and threats, which they cause, resulted in growth of interest in rock slides. Łódź district is located in the area, where the frequency of slide processes caused by natural factors is the lowest in Poland. It is due to lack of natural long slopes of big inclinations. However, the geological structure of some areas potentially favours landslides formation, especially there, where great slopes are created by humans (Fig. 1, 2, Photos 2, 3, 4). There are many mineral resources mines in Łódź district, hence the probability of steep escarpments and hillsides formation creation increase the chance of landslides danger. However, the type of extracted ores, with a few exceptions, do not favour landslides formation. If they are formed there are of small sizes. One, but a very important exception is KWB "Bełchatów" opencast excavation and a new adjacent, similar "Szczerców" opencast. Because of particular depth of the flIst excavation and its very complicated geological structure, landslides processes are here frequent and intensive. The sizes of formed landslips are comparative with the greatest natural landslides in Poland (Tab. 1, Fig. 4, Photos 3, 4). They are a great threat for machines and workers of mining factory. The analysis of current landslide processes, establishing the reasons of their formation and their dynamics, as well as continuous monitoring of the zones endangered by these phenomena are basic for controlling landslide processes and limiting danger.