Application of standardized, techniques of data gathering permitted to obtain quantitative research results. However, a researcher cannot evaluate precisely the value of these results. He can only — but not always — assess ...

Sociological literature distinguishes a number of techniques whose purpose is to validate research tools before proceeding to the research proper. Mentioned are: pilot study, pilot project, pre-test, trial survey, test ...

The article describes a study of conformity of respondents’ answers about facts with the documentary records of these facts. Respondents were 70 amnestied ex-convicts and the records were various official documents. The ...

Results of the methodological investigations conducted in Włocławek in 1973 are used. By difficult questions are understood such ones as occasion many disturbances in the process that leads to an appropriate answer, the ...

The interview about an interview is discussed as one of the ways of verifying respondents’ answers. Such interviews were used in the methodological investigations conducted in Włocławek in 1973. The above mentioned ...

The article is an introduction to the subsequent articles devoted to the investigations mentioned in the title. The investigations have not yet been terminated, and the ensuing conclusions are preliminary. The purpose of ...

Answers given by respondents to questions concerning their cultural consumption (TV watching, reading of books and magazines, cinema and theater attendance) are treated by the author as empirical indicators of actual facts ...

120 manual workers in six industrial plants in the city of Lodz were interviewed and one of the questions asked related to their average monthly wages. The wages given in interviews were compared with the actual ones, i.e. ...

Standardization of interviewers’ behaviour aims at the uniformization of the forms of additional utterances of interviewers. Such utterances depend first of all, on the kind of answers obtained from respondents. If the ...

An attempt is made to define a pilot study as a preparatory sociological research of a special character, having in view the principal research in which questionnaire interviews are used. Explication of the concept of a ...