| dc.description.abstract | Henryk Kamieński (1813–1866), a philosopher, economist, and theorist of struggle for national
independence, idealized petty ownership as the most appropriate form of ownership both in ethical and
economic aspects. He analyzed the problem on three levels. In his proposals for a specific solution of
the agrarian question, presented in the Warsaw periodicals, Kamieński supported the introduction of
agricultural rent paid by peasants and the abolishment of serfdom. Calling serfdom a land usury had
an ethical implication. In the protection of the manor over peasants Kamieński sees the desire of manor
owners to hold the victims of this usury in their hands. Replacement of serfdom with an agricultural rent
was for him the first step in granting landownership to peasants.
Kamieński emphasizes that petty ownership is conducive to production growth. He believes that
the spread of it is an opportunity for peasants to heighten their national consciousness and a chance of
civilized advancement of Polish territories. This line of thinking is clearly evident in his studies
published abroad, devoted to the conception of combining a national uprising with granting freehold to
peasants.
Kamieński also discusses the values of petty ownership in agriculture in his theoretical work
Filozofia ekonomii materialnej ludzkiego społeczeństwa [Philosophy of material economics of human
society], in which he presents his vision of a system of social justice. For him, petty ownership is
a guarantee of respect for human rights, the most effective safeguard of preserving the autonomy of
human individual. In this reasoning we could see certain elements of personalism, which brings
Kamieński’s standpoint closer to that of Pope John Paul II. | pl_PL |
