Koszty bezrobocia w województwie łódzkim w latach 1990-1993

Abstract

This paper is devoted to economical costs and social consequences of unemployment, an example of this is the Province of Lodz. I he paper consist of four parts. The first gives general characteristic of costs and consequences of unemployment and describes problems with the measurement of these facts. The second part includes analysis of direct and indirect costs of unemployment in the Province of Lodz in 1990-93. Analysing direct cost has been taken into account Labour Found expenditures and costs of active reduction оГ unemployment as well as social welfare expenditures on unemployed and their families. It has been also estimated, expenditures on early retirement. Analysing indirect costs it has been estimated unemployment costs in the grey zone of economy, costs of so called lax and insurance gap and costs of production lactors (Gross National Product). The third part of the paper concentrates on evaluation of trends and forms in coping with unemployment in the Province of Lodz in relation to the trend in the whole country. The fourth part attempts to outline some social consequences of unemployment. The paper also includes some conclusions reached by the author during his research.