Górnictwo węgla kamiennego w Polsce w okresie transformacji

Abstract

Coal mining in Poland plays a special role in both economic and social life. There are historical reasons for this. The mining industry during the communist era, especially in the 1970s, was used by the authorities as an indicator of economic development and a guarantor of economic stability. This was associated with enterprises operating in the industry having a privileged position, which was made manifest by subsidies and special privileges being given to mine workers. The paper surveys the restructuring process of the coal mining industry since the early 1990s. Consecutive restructuring programs are outlined and evaluated with regard to its economic effect and social impact. The authors consider also the spatial dimension of restructuring and give special attention to the role of trade unions in the restructuring process. Some conclusions based on the hitherto experience are also drawn.