Ocena egzo- i endogenicznych warunków działania sfery produkcyjnej obsługi rolnictwa

Abstract

There generally prevails a conviction, which is supported by results of empirical studies, about a smaller Influence - than might be expected - of the sphere of industrial services for agriculture on its overall development. The main cause of this situation seems to be undercapitalization of service centers. On the other hand, some other circumstances - equally important in our opinion - seem to pass unnoticed. They include not always spatially effective location of productive capacities at the disposal of agricultural service centers, lack of adaptation of servicing organization and its forms to differentiated conditions of the Polish agriculture and ineffectiveness of economic instrumental employed in steering service operations for agriculture. Any improvement in functioning of the agricultural services network call, first of all, for familiarity with a growing numbers of variables in the environment affecting the conditions in which institutions providing agricultural services operate. Only then will it be possible to increase adaptability degree of service units to changes taking place in agriculture. The article presents an attempt at analysis of endo- and exogenous factors determining conditions in whioh the sphere of agricultural servioefl operates. Against this background, the author evaluated the state of industrial services for agriculture mainly from the point of view of adjusting them to the spatially differentiated socio-economic structure of villages. The analysis was based on extensive Information coming both from primary and secondary data sources. Especially valuable proved to be results of questionnaire survey carried out among 1,114 agricultural farms located in 11 villages in three administrative provinces of Czestochowa, Opole, and Sieredz in summer 1976. The performed analysis allowed to formulate many generalizations both of cognitive and pragmatic character. The sphere of production services for agriculture - in its present form - represents along with industries manufacturing goods for agricultural production the main obstacle to development of Poland’s food economy. The capacities possessed by services centers are already quite big today but they are only partly oriented at provision of services for agriculture. The previous policy of their spatial location gives rise to many doubts as it led to deepening of territorial disproportions in equipment of agriculture with capital goods. In the market for agricultural aorviues there prevails an oligopsonistio situation which assumes a form of virtual monopoly in the case of the macrosegment of private ft.ro,b (as buyers of services). The danger of this situation for the private farmer is further intensified by accelerated process of spatial concentration of services The performed studies revealed existence of many vnrlnbles (quantitative and qualitative, economic and non-economics) differentiating demand of private farms for agricultural services. There variables should constitute criteria in market segmentation, which would allow service enterprises to adopt a strategy of their operation based on market segmentation.