Wielowymiarowa kultura „post-hooligańska”? W poszukiwaniu tożsamości ruchu kibicowskiego

Abstract

The description and characterization of social world of the most committed (also futher called fanatic, “hardcore”) football supporters in Poland is the basic objective of the article. It is assumed, that such community is based on peculiar culture, established by its own discourses, constituting the habitus of individuals, generating social bonds and normative structure and comprising the source of social capital. One may analyse that culture as a multidimensional sphere and it is not appropriate to describe the “hardcore” fans by prism of “hooligan” discourse, predominating in the previous published books of sociology of sport. The following dimensions will be researched: the structural level (the frame of engagement generating social cohesion, and the influence of external institutional-normative determinants – eg. the case of Act about safety of mass events, implemented in 2009), the sphere of interaction rituals (leading to formation of peculiar solidarity, establishing the emotional energy of the community), the sphere of identity and socialization (the individual identity manifesting itself in the daily life of fans; and the social identity of “We”), the symbolic-ideological dimension (the role of cardinal symbols in creating the community and culture; the set of values and beliefs founding the layer of ideas), the dimension of cultural performance (the presentation of the frames of interpretation through aesthetic spectacles), and the sphere of grassroots movements (employing social movements theory as well as the idea of mobilization of resources with exemplifications of supporters rebuilding their clubs from organizational breakdown).