Ekwiwalent przekładowy: ani synonimia, ani bliskoznaczność (na przykładzie czasownika abandonner)

Abstract

This paper aims at studying non-synonymy in translation, on the example of the verb abandonner, where, for different reasons, a semantic equivalent of the type lexeme A → lexeme B (synonym or parasynonym) doesn’t occur. Two main types of this non-synonymy can be distinguished: 1° corresponding translation units differ semantically, resulting in a non-synonymic equivalent of abandonner (il abandonna son pays → wyjechał z kraju); 2° corresponding translation units, while synonymous, are characterized by a different argument position (ses forces l’abandonnèrent → opadł z sił); in the latter case, the lexeme corresponding to abandonner is only its predicative equivalent (opadł), which, together with the other structural elements, builds the meaning of the translation unit.