Problematyka przemian ekonomicznych w myśli Socjalistycznej Partii Austrii
Streszczenie
Starting with an introductory discussion introducing the most essential terminological
definitions — the author of this article continues the analysis of the subject
in two consecutive stages. And thus, after presentation of the present state of
studies, he proceeds to discussion of general ideological problems of the Socialist
Party of Austria applying a chronological approach to its mare important programme
declarations to be followed next by illustration of detailed views on definite problems
of development of the socialist society voiced by selected writers — Social
Democrats: Günther Nenning and Norbert Leser.
The example of the Social-Democracy of Austria — taking as a basis the official
statements and declarations of this party as a whole being publicized in the
fundamental programme documents — allows to reveal a rather explicit breach
with Marxism, the shaping of the revisionism phenomenon, which at least formally
never ceases to assume the label of Marxism. And especially "The New Vienna
Programme" published towards the end of the fifties (1958) is treated as a kind of
summary of a peculiar evolution „towards the right side", which the Austrial Social-
Democracy undergoes: from the ideology of a still relatively working-class
movement with a certain orientation towards the class struggle to the concept of
the social solidarism and ideo logical pluralism of the so-called „open" socialism
deviating clearly from the socialism of the Marxist type. The same attempt at constructing
the model of the "open" socialism excluding the class struggle and based on
the ideology of reconciliation and solidarism determined by principles of the catholic
ethics, and hence in the final account an attempt at the Weltanchauung-religious
orientation of the humanism proper for the socialism — will become a pivot
of Nenning's analyses already in the sixties — or to a lesser extent, of Leser
being more critical towards the Catholocism. With both these authors the frequently
repeated warnings against all forms of monopolization of life, against concentration
of the economic power leading to undesirable expansion of political influence and
negation of the freedom of the individual development — supplement the measure of criticism. A violent criticism, as it is underlined, in this article of both fascism,
many elements of the capitalism with its policy of „force" as well as of some distortions
in the socialist economy, excessive centralism of the state administration,
bureaucratism, etc.
In the final conclusions the author stresses once again the reformisfic character
of the ideology of the Socialist Party of Austria, which distinctly assumes
different forms of convergence processes, i.e. assuming the same degree of transformation
for both the socialist and capitalist socio-political systems.
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