Bulletin of the Section of Logic: Recent submissions

Now showing items 101-120 of 224

    • A General Model of Neutrosophic Ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras Based on Neutrosophic Points 

      Bordbar, Hashem; Borzooei, Rajab Ali; Smarandache, Florentin; Jun, Young Bae (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-08-15)
      More general form of (∈, ∈ ∨q)-neutrosophic ideal is introduced, and their properties are investigated. Relations between (∈, ∈)-neutrosophic ideal and (∈, ∈ ∨q(kT ,kI ,kF ))-neutrosophic ideal are discussed. Characterizations ...

    • Falling Shadow Theory with Applications in Hoops 

      Borzooei, Rajab Ali; Rezaei, Gholam Reza; Kologhani, Mona Aaly; Jun, Young Bae (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-01-20)
      The falling shadow theory is applied to subhoops and filters in hoops. The notions of falling fuzzy subhoops and falling fuzzy filters in hoops are introduced, and several properties are investigated. Relationship between ...

    • Tense Operators on BL-algebras and Their Applications 

      Paad, Akbar (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-05-28)
      In this paper, the notions of tense operators and tense filters in \(BL\)-algebras are introduced and several characterizations of them are obtained. Also, the relation among tense \(BL\)-algebras, tense \(MV\)-algebras ...

    • A Note on Gödel-Dummet Logic LC 

      Robles, Gemma; Méndez, José M. (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-07-01)
      Let \(A_{0},A_{1},...,A_{n}\) be (possibly) distintict wffs, \(n\) being an odd number equal to or greater than 1. Intuitionistic Propositional Logic IPC plus the axiom \((A_{0}\rightarrow A_{1})\vee ...\vee (A_{n-1}\rightarrow ...

    • A Note on 3×3-valued Łukasiewicz Algebras with Negation 

      Gallardo, Carlos; Ziliani, Alicia (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-05-27)
      In 2004, C. Sanza, with the purpose of legitimizing the study of \(n\times m\)-valued Łukasiewicz algebras with negation (or \(\mathbf{NS}_{n\times m}\)-algebras) introduced \(3 \times 3\)-valued Łukasiewicz algebras with ...

    • Omitting Types in Fragments and Extensions of First Order Logic 

      Sayed Ahmed, Tarek (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-05-28)
      Fix \(2 < n < \omega\). Let \(L_n\) denote first order logic restricted to the first n variables. Using the machinery of algebraic logic, positive and negative results on omitting types are obtained for \(L_n\) and for ...

    • Extended MR with Nesting of Predicate Expressions as a Basic Logic for Social Phenomena 

      Parol, Aleksander; Pietrowicz, Krzysztof; Szalacha-Jarmużek, Joanna (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)
      In this article, we present the positional logic that is suitable for the formalization of reasoning about social phenomena. It is the effect of extending the Minimal Realisation (MR) logic with new expressions. These ...

    • Common Knowledge, Common Attitudes and Social Reasoning 

      Thomason, Richmond H. (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)
      For as long as there have been theories about common knowledge, they have been exposed to a certain amount of skepticism. Recent more sophisticated arguments question whether agents can acquire common attitudes and whether ...

    • Tableau Systems for Epistemic Positional Logics 

      Klonowski, Mateusz; Krawczyk, Krzysztof Aleksander; Pięta, Bożena (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)
      The goal of the article is twofold. The first one is to provide logics based on positional semantics which will be suitable for the analysis of epistemic modalities such as ‘agent ... knows/beliefs that ...’. The second ...

    • The Good, the Bad and the Right: Formal Reductions among Deontic Concepts 

      Glavaničová, Daniela; Pascucci, Matteo (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)
      The present article provides a taxonomic analysis of bimodal logics of normative ideality and normative awfulness, two notions whose meaning is here explained in terms of the moral values pursued by a given community. ...

    • Towards a Logic of Value and Disagreement via Imprecise Measures 

      Faroldi, Federico L. G. (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)
      After putting forward a formal account of value disagreement via imprecise measures, I develop a logic of value attribution and of (dis)agreement based on (exact) truthmaker semantics.

    • Reasoning about Social Phenomena 

      Jarmużek, Tomasz; Ju, Fengkui; Kulicki, Piotr; Liao, Beishui (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021-06-30)

    • What Is the Sense in Logic and Philosophy of Language 

      Wybraniec-Skardowska, Urszula (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      In the paper, various notions of the logical semiotic sense of linguistic expressions – namely, syntactic and semantic, intensional and extensional – are considered and formalised on the basis of a formal-logical conception ...

    • Compounding Objects 

      Šikić, Zvonimir (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      We prove a characterization theorem for filters, proper filters and ultrafilters which is a kind of converse of Łoś's theorem. It is more natural than the usual intuition of these terms as large sets of coordinates, which ...

    • Cantor on Infinitesimals. Historical and Modern Perspective 

      Błaszczyk, Piotr; Fila, Marlena (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      In his 1887's Mitteilungen zur Lehre von Transfiniten, Cantor seeks to prove inconsistency of infinitesimals. We provide a detailed analysis of his argument from both historical and mathematical perspective. We show that ...

    • Computer-supported Analysis of Positive Properties, Ultrafilters and Modal Collapse in Variants of Gödel's Ontological Argument 

      Benzmüller, Christoph; Fuenmayor, David (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      Three variants of Kurt Gödel's ontological argument, proposed by Dana Scott, C. Anthony Anderson and Melvin Fitting, are encoded and rigorously assessed on the computer. In contrast to Scott's version of Gödel's argument ...

    • Completeness, Categoricity and Imaginary Numbers: The Debate on Husserl 

      Aranda, Víctor (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      Husserl's two notions of "definiteness" enabled him to clarify the problem of imaginary numbers. The exact meaning of these notions is a topic of much controversy. A "definite" axiom system has been interpreted as a ...

    • Formal Methods and Science in Philosophy: Introduction to the Special Issue 

      Blackburn, Patrick; Kovač, Srećko; Świętorzecka, Kordula (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-06-30)
      Introduction to the Special Issue.

    • Four-valued expansions of Dunn-Belnap's logic (I): Basic characterizations 

      Pynko, Alexej P. (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-12-30)
      Basic results of the paper are that any four-valued expansion L4 of Dunn-Belnap's logic DB4 is de_ned by a unique (up to isomorphism) conjunctive matrix ℳ4 with exactly two distinguished values over an expansion 4 of a De ...

    • Length Neutrosophic Subalgebras of BCK=BCI-Algebras 

      Jun, Young Bae; Khan, Madad; Smarandache, Florentin; Song, Seok-Zun (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020-12-30)
      Given i, j, k ∈ {1,2,3,4}, the notion of (i, j, k)-length neutrosophic subalgebras in BCK=BCI-algebras is introduced, and their properties are investigated. Characterizations of length neutrosophic subalgebras are discussed ...