Toposy "młodość" - "starość" w literaturze parenetycznej doby staropolskiej

Abstract

The work presents topoi, which was emerged as a result of analysis of 16th century works, propagating personal patterns and formulating advisable recommendation. In the dissertation the author worked on estimating the generation borders and division into types according to age criterion that had been conducted in antiquity. Also, it was tried to interprete a part of Epistula ad Pisones by Horacy, a few philosophical treatises by Ciceron: "Cato maior de senectute" and "De oficiis", as well as some passages from "Moriae encomium" by Erazm from Rotterdam. The constant semantic-logical constructions were appointed as a result of research reconnajsance in the 16th century Polish literature. The sems about young and old age were being looked for in works: "Żywot człowieka poczciwego" by M. Rej, "Dworzanin polski" by Ł. Górnicki, O poprawie Rzeczypospolitej by A. Frycz Modrzewski and other pedagogical, renaissance works. From parenetic literature works it was able to appoint topoi of “irrational young age” and “wise old age” and their opposite variants. From the analysis concerning educational hints it was also emerged the outline o f a qualitative topos “a boy like an old man” . What is more the author appointed contracts to topos “young age” - “old age” formal-contextual forms. In some works it is easy to observe the contamination of topos “ irrational old age” with a topos “the life as a sailing” as well as crossing of topoi “young age” - “old age” with the conception “the biological wheel of life.” In the dissertation linguistic-stylistic, the realization of these works were taken into consideration. They are wery often based on a listing rule. In the 16th century parenetic works there are also topoi with the comparison or allegory form.