SPOŁECZNE BUDOWNICTWO MIESZKANIOWE W ŁODZI – ROZWÓJ, ZASOBY MIESZKANIOWE I ICH UŻYTKOWNICY

Abstract

Functioning of the public housing industry in Łód is an object of this paper, with special returning the attention to his development and diversifying the housing stock and their users. Conducted examinations showed that the public construction constituted the peculiar form of the housing industry, functioning on distinct legal grounds. Development of this construction, intended for families about lower incomes, took place in Poland only in the period of a systemic transformation. Operating in Łód , Company of the Public Construction (WTBS), which was obligated to live 2 July 1997, is a limited liability company with the single participation of the city hall. As a result of his investment activity led in 1998−2009 years in the city 27 rent houses counting 1 003 flats, used by 2 257 persons altogether were made. About an great interest in the construction of this type a fact proves, that to one built flat WTBS seven expecting families fell. For construction public, acting on the principle non profit, high technical requirements and restrictions of costs of the use are being put. Rents settled, applied in this construction, not have to cover only building costs of flats, but also costs of supporting them. Housing stock WTBS, built with the application modern, of energy-efficient technologies, they are representing the quite high standard generally, however to some extent are diversified. Well a conducted typology of analyzed buildings is reflecting it, being based on their seven typological guildhalls which are describing the age, the physiognomy and the size of houses. In it four types of buildings were distinguished. Field examinations showed that surrounding these buildings had been formed favorably; in addition a little bit the best possible conditions are prevailing in surrounding located houses on Janów than in the Centre. Flats in individual buildings WTBS aren't homogeneous. Based on the set of seven features typological, determining the size and populating flats, they allocated their four types. Questionnaire surveys conducted amongst residents of the public construction showed the high dominance of young families, most often with one child. The considered population is representing higher than more average in the city level of the education and the economic activity. Over the half of respondents judged its financial circumstances as good. Flats distrained at present, as well as buildings and surrounding them are meeting expectations of respondents. However the majority from them can see the possibility of the change of a current place of residence, if such a possibility arose. A format of the public construction, similar to solutions accepted in western countries (Great Britain, France), lets the population for satisfying housing needs about lower incomes, facilitating the implementation of the politics of the housing commune. Flats offered by the public construction are needed, but their supply isn't satisfying the demand existing in this field.