| dc.description.abstract | The paper considers covert incentives and qualifying factors of falling into poverty in two
Polish big industrial cities, Łódź and Katowice. The researches on poverty (understood in
comparative terms) reached the households eligible for the welfare temporary subsidies. Analysis of figures covers the ‘officially poor’ ones, viz. households with annual earnings per
capita not exceeding the minimum retirement wage, where emerge such disabling factors as
single-parenthood, homelessness, the need to protect maternity, unemployment, etc.
Among the causes of growing impoverishment of Polish society in recent years, authors
suggest the worldwide processes: restructuring the economies, deindustrialization, privatization,
along with particular Polish conditions.
Further analysis applies, as its theoretical framework, the model of individual’s provisions
that include three systems: the state coverage, the market forces and the family. That model
suggests variety of settings that could cause falling into poverty.
The figures show, that qualifying factors of becoming poor merges into a whole with
three systems mentioned and that poverty in the investigated cities correlates with:
- family life crumbling and overburdening by the number of children,
- the situation in the labor market that restrains the households incomes,
- inappropriate provision of social benefits for the families outwards the labor market.
The impoverished families in Łódź and Katowice seemed comprehended similarly, yet not
alike. In Łódź the poverty almost thoroughly concerned the fraction of so called ‘new poor’
(single mothers, jobless persons, low-paid families with children), while in Katowice, besides
the ‘new poor’ emerges the category of ‘traditionally poor’ ones, as disabled persons,
chronically diseased, etc. | pl_PL |
