http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14232 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 21:52:58 GMT 2026-04-05T21:52:58Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14595 System partycypacji robotniczej w Republice Federalnej Niemiec Rudolf, Stanisław In the entire period following the Second World War, and especially in the seventies there took place a marked progress in development of industrial democracy in the FRG. This refers mainly to representative forms of this democracy. Workers participation is carried out through factory committees composed of representatives of the whole body of workers, and representatives of employees in supervisory councils and on company boards. With the exception of the metallurgical and coalmining industries where the position of employees and shareholders' representatives is more or loss equalized, in the remaining industries employers occupy by far the most predominant position. Trade unions are situated outside the company but their influence inside the company and, first of all, indirect influence is quite considerable. One of drawbacks in the participation system in the FRG is absence of possibilities for participation of individual employees in making decisions, which causes their dissatisfaction with the existing system. Sun, 01 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14595 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14594 Sektor usług - wybrane problemy metodologiczne Szukalski, Stanisław Maciej One of the most characteristic features of present-day structural changes is development of the service sector. For obvious reasons these problems receive a growing interest of the political economy. The author focusses his attention on some methodological problems connected with analysis of services and resulting from a different treatment of services by the Marxist and bouregois economic sciences. He is critical about some theses of the trisectorlal economy division concept pointing at the necessity of intrasectorial analysis and at asome difficulties connected with analysis of the internal structure of the service sector. The article contains also a list of problems, which in the author's opinion should be studied. Sun, 01 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14594 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14593 Gospodarcze znaczenie państwowych systemów zabezpieczenia społecznego w kapitalizmie - przegląd i ocena poglądów Hadrowicz, Tadeusz All highly industrialized capitalist countries have at present more or less, but in most cases quite well, developed state systems of social security. In majority of these countries they absorb over 30 per cent of the national income. While accomplishing its main tasks of the social-welfare type they exert, nonetheless, a definite influence on the economic management process. The article contains a review of different views confirming a positive impact of the state social security systems on the capitalist economy, and their economic usefulness. The author is also making an attempt at their evaluation on the basis on an earlier performed and deeper analysis of the economic aspects of functioning of the West German social security system. The final conclusion is that the presented views may be treated as right in most cases as majority of activities within the scope of the state social security systems in capitalism exerts a positive impact on the economic growth process and contribute to weakening of cyclic instability in the capitalist economy. Sun, 01 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14593 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14592 Szacowanie efektywnosci postepu technicznego transferowanego przez kraje rozwijające się Szpakowski, Jerzy The author presents in the article main problems connected with measuring the effects of import of modern technique making allowances for specific characteristics of developing economics. There are discussed basic methods of the economic calculus as applied in analysis of effectiveness on the transferred technical progress on macro- and microeconomlc scale. Some attention has been also devoted to social aspects generated by import of new technologies through presentation of basic assumptions of the technology assessment concept. Despite quite a vast range of socio-economic methods in measuring the technical progress effectiveness, application of particular measures should be analyzed separately for each Third World country since particular elements of the effectiveness calculus differ from one economy to another. Sun, 01 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14592 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z