http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19425 ZE STUDIÓW NAD TEORIĄ I POLITYKĄ GOSPODAROWANIA 2026-04-03T23:29:46Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19461 Źródła współpracy między sektorem prywatnym i administracją państwową w Japonii Młodawska, Jolanta Traditionally, the state bureaucracy in Japan has been enjoying great prestige although remunerations earned by that group are not among the highest. The high social position results from the role played by the state administration (together with the private sector) in overcoming Japan's economic backwardness and in making it the second superpower in the world. The question is what are the sources of the longstanding cooperation between the government and business. Undoubtedly, one of them is the practice of amakudari - the retiring bureaucrats assume lucrative positions in the industry, on the whole in this industry which they supervised during their active professional life. The essential roots of this cooperation date back to the period of accelerated economic growth in 1954-1971 and they lie in the positive attitude taken by the government and by MITI in particular to the institution of price-production cartel. Organized in exporting industries, this cartel has contributed to a real expansion of Japanese products in the world (often at dumping prices). In spite of the fact that the international situation has changed radically, MITI continues to represent the acquiescent attitude to the institution of cartel, which implies harmful consequences, both economic and political. 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19460 Keynesistowskie koncepcje polityki gospodarczej Pasieka, Marek The paper attempts to define the Keynesian concept of economic policy and contains a general presentation of Keynesian economics including its major currents. Furthermore, the paper presents the concept of the Austrian school of Keynesianism, which is included by the author in the fundamental current of Keynesianism 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19459 Ekonomiczne aspekty reparacji wojennych Finlandii Neneman, Jarosław The author discusses the influence exerted on the Finnish economy by the war reparations paid to the USSR in 1944-1952. The first section of the paper deals with the genesis, course and material structure of the reparations. Next the impact of reparations on economic growth in the demand and supply concepts is discussed. The author proves that the post-war economic growth in Finland was determined by supply factors and he describes in detail the influence of reparations on this growth. The final section is concerned with the impact of reparations on changes in the structure of the Finnish economy. The reparations played a certain role in the economic development although at present they have a very small influence on the Finnish economy. 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19458 „Ekonomia instrumentalna” С. E. Ayresa Lejman, Witold The main issues of Ayresian instrumental economics presented in the paper are: - interpretation of American capitalism made by C. E. Ayres in accordance with the principles of his instrumental economics; - theory of value, presenting a dual concept of values: real values and price values; - criticism of instrumental economics. The paper contains also an evaluation of the views held by Ayres, pointing out the clear definition of the philosophical basis of economic views and the theory of values. The author says that Ayres’s institutional economics is the most developed of all the neoinstitulional attempts at solving that problem and underlines that is not a normative but an empirical and simultaneously a positive science looking for a subject of analysis. In his views, the fundamental drawbacks of the Ayresian theory are the strengthened dependence between philosophy and economics and underestimation of other currents of economic thought and application possibilities of economics such as interindustry methods, theory of games and econometrics. 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z