http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14212 2026-04-08T21:55:43Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14356 Z problemów odbudowy i rozwoju przemysłu włókienniczego w Polsce Ludowej (do 1960 r.) Bojanowski, Tadeusz Pendant la II-ème Guerre mondiale l'industrie textile dans le territoire polonais fut détruite dans 35%. Cependant, comme dans les territoires de l'Ouest et du Nord annexés à la Pologne la production textile était bien développée, le potentiel global de production de l'industrie tex tile en 1945 n'était pais moins, élevé que celui de 1939. Dans les années 1945—1946 et pendant la réalisation du plan triennal, on se concentrait avant tout sur la reconstruction des usines textiles détruites totalement ou en partie. Grâce au travail dévoué des ouvriers et des cadres techniques le niveau de production d’avant guerre fut dépassé déjà en 1948. Dans les années du plan sexennal (1950—1955) et du premier plan quinquennal (1956—1960) quelques grands investissements furent réalisés, avant tout dans la branche du coton. Dès 1958 on procéda, sur une grande échelie à la modernisation du parc v ieilli de machines. Par suite de reconstruction, d'extension et de construction de nouveaux établissements ainsi que d'introduction sur une plus grande échelie du travail de deux ou trois relèves, le nombre des occupés augmenta considérablement. 150 000 personnes travaillaient dans l'industrie textile vers la fin de 1945; leur nombre augmenta à 370 000 vers la fin de 1960. Au plus haut dégré s'éleva en ce temps-là la production textile. Si l'indicateur du niveau de la production en 1946 égale 100, celui de la production globale en 1960 atteint le chiffre de 570,4. 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14355 Z badań nad działalnością teatru obozowego w Arswalde 1940-1941 i Woldenbergu 1941—1945 Boruń-Stelmaszczyk, Anna This article describes a fragment of studies on activités of camp theatres at Arswald and Woldenberg between 1940— 1945. It starts with a short characteristic of the repertoire, founders of the theatres, actors, and audience. The camp theatre was established and run exclusively by prisoners of war, and it had a definite soldier-audience. This exerted an influence on its repertoire and determined its function among the camp community. The analysis encompasises the texts of Stefan Flukowski (1902— 1972) written at Arswald and Woldenberg in the years 1940—1945 for the local theatrical stage. In these works of special interest is application of the symbol by the author. The symbol was holding a specific place in the creative work of camp theatres. There were introduced these symbols on the sta g e the materialization of which included the contents being most valid for the camp community. These were national symbols: Wawel Castle, King Sisigmund's Bell, knights' ensigns so valuable for a soldier-prisoner as well as symbols linked with the camp life and the personal situation of prisoners. The problems of captivity and confinement on a relatively small area of several thousand men were of the utmost significance here. This fact caused that some subjects became an obsession with prisoners e.g. problem of love, woman, longing, need of fulfilment as a man or of finding confirmation for oneself. The theatre moving all the se problems on the stage was performing a cathartic function in relation to spectators. It was the only place where a spectator was getting involved in these emotions and this experience, which he could not express or respond to otherwise because of the censorship and specifics of the camp community. It was purifying the psyche of spectators, raising their spirits, and giving a hope for survival. 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14354 Kształtowanie się i charakter polskiego ruchu politycznego na Węgrzech w latach 1939—1941 Lagzi, Istvân The total number of the Polish immigrants in Hungary in 1939 amounted to about 60,000. A part of them returned to the occupied Poland while over 30,000 made their way to the West to join the allied forces. There remained about 15,000 interned Poles who enjoyed protection of the government authorities and the society. The author has analyzed a subject little known and one which has rec eiv ed little attention of the researchers, and namely development of the political life among refugees and its impact upon the Hungarian resistance movement and antifascist orientation of the society. Among the sources of information used by the author were official documents of the Ministry of Honveds in the Military Historical Archives and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He also studied the national press, publications and interviewed the Poles permanently settled in Hungary. Unfortunately he was unable to utilize the archival materials stored in W. Sikorski Institute in London. This rich material allowed the author to reconstruct the main political groups and orientations their relations with the Hungarian population, and political reorientations taking place along with new developments. All political groupings followed the policy lines adopted by the Polish government in London. However, also there a dissent appeared between supporters of the "sanacja" system and those supporting Sikorski's government. After the outbreak of the war between Germany and the Soviet Union an antifascist trend was enhanced accompanied by growing friendly disposition towards the Soviet Union. A sizeable portion of the work is devoted by the author to methods of political activity and agitation in refugee camps in coroperation with Paris, later on with London and the Polish resistance movement. The government authorities feared, first of all, communist agitation and they counteracted its spreading. A developed network of Polish political groupings made it possible to establish a secret agency of the London government in Hungary, the personnel composition and activity of which are discussed by the author on the basis of archival materials. Finally, the author presents the attempts made by the then government authorities to curb development of the secret movement with simultaneous preservation of a tolerant attitude. The Polish refugees, understanding a difficult position of the Hungarian authorities, avaided all conflicts and actions against the law. 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14353 Podlaska i Suwalska Brygada Kawalerii w walkach o wyjście z okrążenia niemieckiego we wrześniu 1939 r. Kozłowski, Włodzimierz The Independent Operational Group „Narew" was established when in March 19Э9 the military threat of Third Reich became тюте pronounced. Its task was to defend the Narew-Biebrza line in order to protect the eastern wing of the army „Moidlin" and the railway track Warszawa—Grodno. Defeat on the front line, and thus on the Narew river led to retreat of the group. Its 18th infantry division was defeated by the prevailing enemy forces, while the cavalry — despite big losses — broke through to the East and reached later General Franciszek Kleeberg's troops ending its combat operations on October 5, 1939 near Kock. 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z