http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13538 2026-04-08T17:12:34Z 2026-04-08T17:12:34Z Żerek-Kleszcz, Hanka http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13589 2018-02-01T11:19:51Z 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Posłowie łęczyccy 1764-1792 i ich status majątkowy Żerek-Kleszcz, Hanka The present article discusses results of the research into a number of Sejm deputies elected by the local electoral body in Łęczyca between the years 1764-1792. On the basis of the so-called lauds of these electoral bodies, it has been determined that during the above-mentioned period 15 local elections were held and those gave mandates to 33 people. A number of the elected deputies were given their functions many times. Financial status of those persons was determined upon the basis of a variety of documents showing purchase and selling transactions of the deputies’ properties and tax tables of the years 1775 and 1790. The electoral body in Łęczyca employed a high threshold of wealth in respect to the candidates. The deputies belonged to a narrow wealth elite of the region. Almost a half of them represented the financial status characteristic of only 1,2% of the entire noblemen’s population in the above-mentioned area.

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z Kobierecki, Michał http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13588 2018-02-01T11:19:40Z 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Genealogia rodu Walewskich herbu Kolumna w XVII-XVIII w. Kobierecki, Michał Recently several books have been published which deal with the history of the families of the Chodkiewicz, the Lanckorońscys from Brzeź, the Sapiehas, the Branickis or the Radziwiłłs. Family trees occupy the main place in these publications since for the well-known Polish families they were developed in the past and passed on from a generation to generation. However, the genealogy of noble families is difficult to be restored due to numerous difficulties as the information is largely dispersed. The Walewskis family of the emblem Kolumna have their own family archives collected and filed between 1897 and 1940 by Kazimierz Walewski in Tubądzin and it provides the documentation for the family tree. In 17th and 18th centuries the Walewskis accounted for 163 men and 165 women representing several family branches: in Walewice, Rusiec, Dziebędów, Charłupia Wielka, Rembieszew, Pstrykonie the Cracow and Wołyń branches and Alexander Walewski’s, the Warrant Officer 1st Clas of Piotrków. Nearly all of them were based in the area of the former region of Sieradz, on the border region of Łęczyca and Rawa (Walewice) and in the region of Cracow and in Wołyń. The Walewskis were proud of having 36 local civil servants including two Governors (Voivodes) of Łęczyca and Sieradz and many local higher rank officials - Senators (these were the most numerous) mostly in the areas of Spicymierz, Rozprza, Brzeziny, Inowłódz or Sieradz. Within two centuries they frequently occupied other position as chamberlains (five times), Warrant Officers (thirteen times), High Stewards (six times) or the positions in local courts as High Sheriffs or country judges (three times). As far as the assets are concerned the Walewskis could not be found among magnates but the real estates they owned allowed them to be politically active and gain prestige in their local communities. When we analyse the family links of the Walewskis emblem Kolumna, they usually did not enter into relationships with famous families of the Republic of Poland, except some occasions like the Koniecpolskis, the Lanckorońskis and the Lubomirskis, but with the representatives of medium or lower class nobles who inhabited the region of Sieradz and its neighbourhood.

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z Jabłońska, Anna http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13586 2018-02-01T11:19:47Z 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Struktura kapituły uniejowskiej w świetle Liber beneficiorum Jana Łaskiego Jabłońska, Anna Each chapter consisted of the following elements: place, system of dignilies-offices, allotted real properly and people. In the case of the Chapter of Uniejów, a fairly complete description of the above-mentioned elements was described as late as the beginning of the XVIth century. The source of this description is the Liber beneßeiorum by Jan Łaski. It is well attested that there was Virgin Mary and St. Florian chapter, which was established most probably in the year 1170 and later re-founded in the year 1365. It consisted of two prelate’s dignities; praeposite (the first dignity) and archdeacon, 5 canonries, 7 vicariates and a, created in the year 1365, praepositure „a capellis s. Nicolai” and its vicarage; all of the dignities used to be taken by the Benedictines from Tyniec, and also by a simple benefice, which was constituted by the altaria „Adae”. It was as late as the year 1529, when Jan Łaski established a custodia. Finally, a deacon’s dignity was created by Mikołaj Lubieński in the year 1648. The Chapter played also the role of a local, both urban and rural, parish. The vice-praeposite was in charge of „cura animarum" of the rural part, while the urban section was seen to by those who were nominated to the archdeacon’s vicarage. There had also been 7 presbyters who constituted a „universitas mansionariorum” and manned the parish in Spicimierz since the year 1491. The vicars constituted a „universitas” of their own. The value of the common property and each prebend was a function of the following elements: permanent and temporary income (both urban and rural), produced merchandise, money, services, estates, tithes, rent and colenda. It should be also concluded that the Chapter of Uniejów belonged to neither the most renowned nor wealthiest in the metropolitan Church district of Gniezno.

2001-01-01T00:00:00Z Dudziński, Rafał http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13585 2018-02-01T11:19:47Z 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Wozy taborowe i organizacja przemarszów wojsk polskich w drugiej połowie XV wieku Dudziński, Rafał Impedimenta carts which accompanied the troops were provided by cities and knighthood, and went to battle as part of the then levy en mass. It is, however, worth noticing that the analysis of the sources shows that not every knight’s colour party was followed by a cart. Those who possessed those means of transport used it for transporting food supplies. The food was to last 6 weeks. At the end of the XVth century, there were approximate 200 royal cities which were obliged to provide empty or furnished carts. The above-mentioned cities either levied the vehicles themselves or shared the cost of their hiring, supplying and despatching. The carts were usually accompanied by an armed escort, which is mentioned in the war statutes of 1477. The carts could be either two- or four-wheeled, and were capable of holding a load from 600 up to 650 kg. The above-mentioned impedimenta carts were also used in battle to establish fortified camps, which could become the core of army defence. Examples of such employment of the carts are well known, for instance, they are attested for the Thirteen-Years-War. In order to avoid robberies committed by the troops moving across the country, royal edicts set the organisation of army marches and prices at which the soldiers were allowed to purchase food from local people. Troops that made their way across the enemy’s area would use guides who were familiar with the region, able to show safe camp sites and help overcome natural obstacles. The knights used to live in tents while camping. The infantry and servants stayed in shelters and huts, which were surrounded by a fortified wall of earth and wood. The noblemen inside the camp would often lodge charges of theft and assault against one another. They would also start fights, which had a negative impact upon the discipline in the army.

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