Zagraniczna siła robocza w gospodarce RFN w latach 1960—1976. Zarys problematyki

Abstract

The author points out briefly the key relationships existing in the discussed problem, which are represented by economic causes and effects connected with employment of the foreign labour in the Federal Republic of Germany. Contemporary international migration movements are dominated by transfer of labour, and thus migration of ecomomic character from poorly developed to highly developed economies. This phenomenon is most pronounced in Europę. The cause of intensified labour import by West European countries in the period after the Second World War lies in insufficient supply in the labour market (manpower barrier). The FRG plays a dominant role in the process of labour import in West Europę. Main suppliers of labour to the FRG are Italy, Turkey, and Yugoslavia. In the period of 1960—1973 with slightly changing overall employment there was taking place a process of replacing German labour by foreigners. Simultaneously, as a result of concentration of foreign labour in industries boasting bigger than average labour efficiency, the share of foreign labour in increase of labour efficiency and in increment of the GNP was also above the average. Inflow of foreign labour also created in the labour market conditions for structural changes occuring in the FRG's economy. From the viewpoint of economic conditions the foreign labour performs the role of a „bumper", which implies relative reduction of tensions in the German labcur market due to economic dislocations. The foreign labour represented in the period of 1960— 1976 an objectively indispensable element of the FRC's economic potential.