Zróżnicowanie wynagrodzeń a segmentacja polskiego rynku pracy

Abstract

Segmentation of the labour market lakes place when within it there exist isolated submarkets operating in different ways. The jobs offered on them are characterized by different working conditions and, thus, among others by a different risk of losing them, differentiated possibilities of promotion and training, and primarily by different levels of pay. For the segmentation process the most important thing is that the level of pay offered on particular submarkets, which is dependent not only on productivity of an employee and quality of provided work but also largely on characteristics of the work place and personal characteristics of the employer. The article deals with the analysis of employees’ pay, which was performed in the way allowing to assess the symptoms of segmentation on the Polish labour market. The basis for empirical analysis were findings of the Survey of Population’s Economic Activity carried out on a representative sample in May 1993. A comparison of pay differentiation among employee groups representing different demographic characteristics and working on different jobs allowed to draw some conclusions concerning the existence of labour market segments characterized by much lower pay, and - correspondingly - of submarkets with relatively advantageous pay conditions. There were also observed symptoms of a strong pay discrimination of women in every cross-section of the Polish labour market.