Challenge and hindrance appraisals of smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics and algorithms (STARA) awareness and job performance: The moderating role of work-life balance

Abstract

This study examines hotel employees’ perceptions of smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics and algorithms (STARA) awareness regarding challenges and hindrances as well as analyzing how these perceptions influence their job performance. It also investigates the role of work-life balance as a moderating factor in the relationship between STARA awareness as a stressor with job performance. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected online and from face-to-face questionnaires. The study targeted employees from 5-star hotels in Jakarta who have had at least two years of experience working with technology and hold permanent or contract positions (excluding daily or part-time workers). A total of 400 respondents participated. The findings indicate that viewing STARA awareness as a challenge positively influences job performance, while perceiving it as a hindrance has no significant effect. Moreover, work-life balance was found to impact job performance. Future research could extend these findings by comparing international and local hotels and incorporating additional variables such as technological competence, organizational support and work involvement.