dc.contributor.author | Gul, Hameed | |
dc.contributor.author | ul Haq, Ihtisham | |
dc.contributor.author | Khan, Dilawar | |
dc.contributor.author | Allayarov, Piratdin | |
dc.contributor.author | Abbas, Khurram | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-01-07T13:37:00Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-01-07T13:37:00Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2024-12-19 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1508-2008 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11089/54095 | |
dc.description.abstract | Income convergence refers to the idea that poor countries grow more quickly than rich ones and catch up in terms of per capita income; as a result, the per capita income of integrated nations eventually converges. Beta convergence suggests that less developed nations grow more quickly than more developed ones and reach their average per capita income level by growing more quickly. Meanwhile, sigma convergence suggests that the per capita income disparity among the countries in a regional block narrows over time.The objective of this study is to test income convergence through beta and sigma convergence for Central and South Asia integration using data from 1990 to 2022. Sigma convergence is tested through the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of average per capita income, while beta convergence is tested using panel unit root tests. The results of the study confirm the beta convergence and sigma convergence, which implies income convergence for the integration of Central and South Asia.The implications of this study are manifold. It recommends that Central and South Asian countries ensure economic, political and social cooperation with one another. This is possible by eliminating trade restrictions and decreasing import taxes to increase free trade. Additionally, ensuring free labor, capital, and technology movement between Central and South Asia will be beneficial for ensuring economic integration, facilitating income convergence, and reducing income inequality between these regions. This study contributes to the income convergence literature by focusing on integration between Central Asia and South Asia. | en |
dc.description.abstract | Konwergencja dochodowa odnosi się do idei, że kraje ubogie rozwijają się szybciej niż kraje bogate i nadrabiają zaległości pod względem dochodu na mieszkańca. W rezultacie dochód na mieszkańca krajów zintegrowanych ulega zbliżeniu. Konwergencja beta sugeruje, że kraje słabiej rozwinięte osiągają swój średni poziom dochodu na mieszkańca poprzez szybszy wzrost. Tymczasem zbieżność sigma sugeruje, że dysproporcja dochodów per capita między krajami w bloku regionalnym zmniejsza się w czasie.Celem tego badania jest przetestowanie konwergencji dochodów poprzez konwergencję beta i sigma dla integracji krajów Azji Środkowej i Południowej na podstawie danych z lat 1990–2022. Konwergencja sigma jest testowana za pomocą odchylenia standardowego i współczynnika zmienności średniego dochodu na mieszkańca, podczas gdy konwergencja beta jest testowana za pomocą testów panelowych pierwiastka jednostkowego. Wyniki badania potwierdzają konwergencję beta i sigma, co implikuje konwergencję dochodów krajów Azji Środkowej i Południowej.Konsekwencje tego badania są wielorakie. Zaleca się, aby kraje Azji Środkowej i Południowej rozwijały współpracę gospodarczą, polityczną i społeczną. Jest to możliwe dzięki wyeliminowaniu ograniczeń handlowych i zmniejszeniu podatków importowych w celu zwiększenia swobodnego handlu. Ponadto zapewnienie swobodnego przepływu siły roboczej, kapitału i technologii między Azją Środkową a Południową będzie korzystne dla zapewnienia integracji gospodarczej, ułatwienia konwergencji dochodów i zmniejszenia nierówności dochodowych między tymi regionami. Niniejsze badanie wnosi wkład w literaturę dotyczącą konwergencji dochodów, koncentrując się na integracji między Azją Środkową a Azją Południową. | pl |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.publisher | Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego | pl |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe;4 | pl |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | |
dc.subject | income convergence | en |
dc.subject | economic integration | en |
dc.subject | Central Asia | en |
dc.subject | South Asia | en |
dc.subject | konwergencja dochodów | pl |
dc.subject | integracja gospodarcza | pl |
dc.subject | Azja Środkowa | pl |
dc.subject | Azja Południowa | pl |
dc.title | Exploring Income Convergence for Central and South Asia | en |
dc.title.alternative | Badanie konwergencji dochodów w Azji Środkowej i Południowej | pl |
dc.type | Article | |
dc.page.number | 89-108 | |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Gul, Hameed - Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Economics | en |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | ul Haq, Ihtisham - Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Economics | en |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Allayarov, Piratdin - Tashkent State University of Economics, Department of Econometrics | en |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Abbas, Khurram - COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Department of Management Sciences, Sahiwal | en |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2082-6737 | |
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dc.contributor.authorEmail | Gul, Hameed - gulusmi60@gmail.com | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | ul Haq, Ihtisham - ihtisham@kust.edu.pk | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Khan, Dilawar - dilawar@kust.edu.pk | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Allayarov, Piratdin - p.allayarov@tsue.uz | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Abbas, Khurram - khurramabbas@cuisahiwal.edu.pk | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.18778/1508-2008.27.32 | |
dc.relation.volume | 27 | |