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dc.contributor.authorGul, Hameed
dc.contributor.authorul Haq, Ihtisham
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Dilawar
dc.contributor.authorAllayarov, Piratdin
dc.contributor.authorAbbas, Khurram
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-07T13:37:00Z
dc.date.available2025-01-07T13:37:00Z
dc.date.issued2024-12-19
dc.identifier.issn1508-2008
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/54095
dc.description.abstractIncome convergence refers to the idea that poor countries grow more quickly than rich ones and catch up in terms of per capita income; as a result, the per capita income of integrated nations eventually converges. Beta convergence suggests that less developed nations grow more quickly than more developed ones and reach their average per capita income level by growing more quickly. Meanwhile, sigma convergence suggests that the per capita income disparity among the countries in a regional block narrows over time.The objective of this study is to test income convergence through beta and sigma convergence for Central and South Asia integration using data from 1990 to 2022. Sigma convergence is tested through the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of average per capita income, while beta convergence is tested using panel unit root tests. The results of the study confirm the beta convergence and sigma convergence, which implies income convergence for the integration of Central and South Asia.The implications of this study are manifold. It recommends that Central and South Asian countries ensure economic, political and social cooperation with one another. This is possible by eliminating trade restrictions and decreasing import taxes to increase free trade. Additionally, ensuring free labor, capital, and technology movement between Central and South Asia will be beneficial for ensuring economic integration, facilitating income convergence, and reducing income inequality between these regions. This study contributes to the income convergence literature by focusing on integration between Central Asia and South Asia.en
dc.description.abstractKonwergencja dochodowa odnosi się do idei, że kraje ubogie rozwijają się szybciej niż kraje bogate i nadrabiają zaległości pod względem dochodu na mieszkańca. W rezultacie dochód na mieszkańca krajów zintegrowanych ulega zbliżeniu. Konwergencja beta sugeruje, że kraje słabiej rozwinięte osiągają swój średni poziom dochodu na mieszkańca poprzez szybszy wzrost. Tymczasem zbieżność sigma sugeruje, że dysproporcja dochodów per capita między krajami w bloku regionalnym zmniejsza się w czasie.Celem tego badania jest przetestowanie konwergencji dochodów poprzez konwergencję beta i sigma dla integracji krajów Azji Środkowej i Południowej na podstawie danych z lat 1990–2022. Konwergencja sigma jest testowana za pomocą odchylenia standardowego i współczynnika zmienności średniego dochodu na mieszkańca, podczas gdy konwergencja beta jest testowana za pomocą testów panelowych pierwiastka jednostkowego. Wyniki badania potwierdzają konwergencję beta i sigma, co implikuje konwergencję dochodów krajów Azji Środkowej i Południowej.Konsekwencje tego badania są wielorakie. Zaleca się, aby kraje Azji Środkowej i Południowej rozwijały współpracę gospodarczą, polityczną i społeczną. Jest to możliwe dzięki wyeliminowaniu ograniczeń handlowych i zmniejszeniu podatków importowych w celu zwiększenia swobodnego handlu. Ponadto zapewnienie swobodnego przepływu siły roboczej, kapitału i technologii między Azją Środkową a Południową będzie korzystne dla zapewnienia integracji gospodarczej, ułatwienia konwergencji dochodów i zmniejszenia nierówności dochodowych między tymi regionami. Niniejsze badanie wnosi wkład w literaturę dotyczącą konwergencji dochodów, koncentrując się na integracji między Azją Środkową a Azją Południową.pl
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiegopl
dc.relation.ispartofseriesComparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe;4pl
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
dc.subjectincome convergenceen
dc.subjecteconomic integrationen
dc.subjectCentral Asiaen
dc.subjectSouth Asiaen
dc.subjectkonwergencja dochodówpl
dc.subjectintegracja gospodarczapl
dc.subjectAzja Środkowapl
dc.subjectAzja Południowapl
dc.titleExploring Income Convergence for Central and South Asiaen
dc.title.alternativeBadanie konwergencji dochodów w Azji Środkowej i Południowejpl
dc.typeArticle
dc.page.number89-108
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationGul, Hameed - Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Economicsen
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationul Haq, Ihtisham - Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Economicsen
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationAllayarov, Piratdin - Tashkent State University of Economics, Department of Econometricsen
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationAbbas, Khurram - COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Department of Management Sciences, Sahiwalen
dc.identifier.eissn2082-6737
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dc.contributor.authorEmailGul, Hameed - gulusmi60@gmail.com
dc.contributor.authorEmailul Haq, Ihtisham - ihtisham@kust.edu.pk
dc.contributor.authorEmailKhan, Dilawar - dilawar@kust.edu.pk
dc.contributor.authorEmailAllayarov, Piratdin - p.allayarov@tsue.uz
dc.contributor.authorEmailAbbas, Khurram - khurramabbas@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
dc.identifier.doi10.18778/1508-2008.27.32
dc.relation.volume27


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