| dc.description.abstract | In Spanish America, the nineteenth-century is a crucial period of time during
which national identities developed. In this process of genesis and formation of
national consciousness, the intellectual elites of the region playes an important,
double role, as political leaders and as writeres. These were men who firmly
believed intellectual activity such as writing, to be a civilizing duty at the service
of the nation. In deed and in words, they were the creators and architects of future
visione for their countries and for the continent; as far as literature is concerned,
they gave Spanish America an original literary political discourse. In the midst of
increasing anti-hispanic resentment, characteristic of this discurso politico literario
was revoking spiritual principles and fomenting emancipatory values. I shall
concentrate my attention on three formost personalities that span different
instances of nineteenth- century Spanish American history and literature. Simón
Bolivar (1783-1830), Domingo Sarmiento (1811-1888) and Josć Marti 1853-1895)
differ in biographies, in politicał and literary experiences. They olffer diametrically
opposed theories for the modernization of the continent and diiferent, if not
diverging attitudes and approaches towards European cultural heritage. They
shared, nonetheless, a common vision and had one single aim, the political and
cultural unification of the whole continent. | pl_PL |
