Czynnościowy charakter derywatów rzeczownikowych w gwarach północnomałopolskich i przyległych. Studium morfologiczno-leksykalne

Abstract

The matter under consideration taken up in this study is indicating the connection of different kinds between nominal denominatives and meanings of activities which define them. The chronia, adopted in the derivational description, allows to reveal the functional nature of the formations of clear functional relations with the activities which motivate them or with such activities the relations in which are already erased. By way of introducing the principles of nest analysis those nouns which, in accordance with the principles of functional interpretation, are paraphrased with their functional meanings omitted, can be involved into the scope of formation of functional nature. The derivational analysis, to which the rich material concerning the vernaculars was subject to, shows a broad range of possible interpretations of derivative forms. On the basis of that analysis it is proved that in relation to numerous derivatives, their derivational bases can be considered in different manners: either as verbal – participial ones or verbal – nominal ones, preserving at the same time the functional nature of the derivatives. In that analysis there were also indicated the derivatives of variant formal markers within the scope of the same categorical values. Their considerable diversity is a sign of significant potential of the lexis of the vernaculars as far as word formation is concerned. This can also be proved by homogenous structures, which often appear. Those structures due to the lexical meanings indicated in “Słownictwo ludowe…” [“The folk vocabulary”] (Dejna, 1974–1985) are introduced into the fields of adequate categorical and semantic values, indicating at the same time the regularities and mechanisms which explain the presence of the derivatives of parallel categorical functions in the lexis of vernaculars. Moreover, the diversity of the formal markers, which motivate the derivatives of functional nature, is revealed by the derivational interpretation of selected formations. It allows to find out the regularities in regard to their connectivity with particular types of derivational bases, categorical multi-functionality of some of them, productivity in the scope of indicated categorical values or their incidental contribution to motivating the functionally marked derivatives. The systematics of the material, adopted in the description, aims among others at arranging the material in accordance with the criterion established in the subject, i.e. the functional nature of described formations. In the foreground there are the paradigmatic and deverbal derivatives, functionally the primary ones. Then there are the derivatives of double genre – the verbal – nominal ones, which are taken up in this study, than the non-paradigmatic and denominative derivatives (the functional and secondary ones) and nouns of indirect deverbal motivation, which is revealed in the relations of motivation in the consecutive links of the derivative chain. The derivative and categorical semantics is classified in the lower level in the systematics as an expression of the argument which verifies the functional nature of derivatives and formal markers in particular semantic categories. By way of using this particular formula the already existing observations can be applied to other studies on the word formations in vernaculars and in Polish language on each indicated level of interpretation.