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How Joannites’ economy eradicated primeval forest and created anthroecosystems in medieval Central Europe

dc.contributor.authorGalka, Mariusz
dc.contributor.authorLamentowicz, Mariusz
dc.contributor.authorMarcisz, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorKołaczek, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorGuzowski, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorDiaconu, Andrei-Cosmin
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-22T06:08:47Z
dc.date.available2021-09-22T06:08:47Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationLamentowicz, M., Marcisz, K., Guzowski, P. et al. How Joannites’ economy eradicated primeval forest and created anthroecosystems in medieval Central Europe. Sci Rep 10, 18775 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75692-4pl_PL
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/39120
dc.description.abstractDuring European states’ development, various past societies utilized natural resources, but their impact was not uniformly spatially and temporally distributed. Considerable changes resulted in landscape fragmentation, especially during the Middle Ages. Changes in state advances that affected the local economy significantly drove trajectories of ecosystems’ development. The legacy of major changes from pristine forest to farming is visible in natural archives as novel ecosystems. Here, we present a high-resolution densely dated multi-proxy study covering the last 1500 years from a peatland located in CE Europe. The economic activity of medieval societies was highly modified by new rulers—the Joannites (the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Knights Hospitaller). We studied the record of these directorial changes noted in the peat profile. Our research revealed a rapid critical land-use transition in the late Middle Ages and its consequences on the peatland ecosystem. The shift from the virgin forest with regular local fires to agriculture correlates well with the raising of local economy and deforestations. Along with the emerging openness, the wetland switched from alkaline wet fen state to acidic, drier Sphagnum-dominated peatland. Our data show how closely the ecological state of wetlands relates to forest microclimate. We identified a significant impact of the Joannites who used the novel farming organization. Our results revealed the surprisingly fast rate of how feudal economy eliminated pristine nature from the studied area and created novel anthroecosystems.pl_PL
dc.language.isoenpl_PL
dc.publisherSpringer Naturepl_PL
dc.relation.ispartofseriesScientific Reports;10, 18775
dc.rightsUznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectPalaeoecologypl_PL
dc.subjectWetlands ecologypl_PL
dc.titleHow Joannites’ economy eradicated primeval forest and created anthroecosystems in medieval Central Europepl_PL
dc.typeArticlepl_PL
dc.page.number13pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationDepartment of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Str. 90‑237, Lodz, Poland.pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationClimate Change Ecology Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationClimate Change Ecology Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationClimate Change Ecology Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationFaculty of History and International Relations, University of Bialystok, 15‑420, Bialystok, Poland.pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationDepartment of Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania.pl_PL
dc.identifier.eissn2045-2322
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dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75692-4
dc.disciplinenauki biologicznepl_PL


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