Streszczenie
Today, we look at Europe through the prism of the last three centuries: “a tale… full sound and fury,” the story of the nations of Europe. But, Europe of peoples is a region characterized by a large variety of cultures united by individualism, the Greek reason and the Jewish-Christian heritage. If the latter has been carried by the Catholic Church, the former ones have been passed by universities which were based on Greek philosophy and Roman law. Those values have emerged during the Middle-Age, thanks to the separation of Augustinian spheres that universities have successfully completed, and later, they have developed a reasoning thinking until the coming up of experimental science in the 16th century (Copernicus, 1543; Galilei, 1623).