Polityka handlowa a polityka konkurencji
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There is the increasing importance of understanding the link between competition and
trade policy and of exploring the gaps and problems that at present exist in the application
of these policies. Trade and competition policies are closely related. Competition policy is
aimed at ensuring the efficient functioning of markets by the removal or control of restrictive
business practices. Trade liberalisation serves to sharpen competition in the domestic markets
while barriers to trade which shelter particular domestic industries may have anti-competitive
effects on national markets. It has become apparent how closely trade problems are linked
with domestic industrial, regional or even macro-economic policies with which competition
policy is also concerned.
The purpose of this article is to examine both conditions of conflict and conditions of
synergy between competition policy and the various instruments of trade policy. The article
is organised in three parts. The first one discusses a range of trade policy measures, in
particular non-tariff barriers from the perspective of competition policy. The second part is
concerned with trade-related competition issues, i.e. those practices by enterprises or, as
appropriate, by governments in their commercial activities which fall within the scope of
competition policy and which have implications for international trade. The last part deals
with the development of international competition policy and the pressure for and against it.
It briefly examines the past efforts to reach international understandings on this issue and
summarises some of the main existing laws and procedures.
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