Ceny żywności a nierównowaga rynkowa
Streszczenie
Market disequilibrium understood as a shortage existed in the period
1975-1986 with changing intensity on particular food markets, with effectiveness
of the administrative price control being dependent on specific characteristics
of a given market, degree of monopolization or assortment diversity.
An attempt has been made in the article to determine on which markets and in
which years of the period under study we were dealing with insufficient supply.
The .studies were based on published market statistics and especially
detail and free-market prices and selected prices at which agricultural products
were purchased from farmers. The comparative analysis of prices carried out by means of statistical
indices and econometric models of prices points at. existence of a "relative"
equilibrium on the market for fruit and vegetables, potatoes and eggs. Absence
of price control connected with predominance of the private production sector
causes that retail prices are closer here to equilibrium prices. Simple methods
consisting in comparing retail prices with free-market prices and prices of
purchasing agricultural products yield valuable auxiliary information allowing
to evaluate the nature of disequilibrium on some food markets.