Wpływ rezerw na zobowiązania na dźwignię finansową przedsiębiorstwa

Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to present the influence of provisions and accruals and deferred income on the financial leverage and the capital structure of an enterprise. Each of this categories has a complex character and it is shaped under an influence of different factors. Their common characteristic is the fact that they are shown in the company’s balance - sheet and they have been established to accomplish definite goals in the future. The provisions are composed primarily of provisions for the deferred income tax, retirement and other benefits and the remaining provisions, which include, for instance, reserves due to the past events caused by restructuring. The main goal of provisions is updating the company’s debt value. These provisions are, thus, connected with a future outlay, which is probable enough on the balance - sheet day to be shown in the balance - sheet. Provisions are classified according to the type of a liability they concern among the remaining and even the main operating costs, financial costs or extraordinary losses. Provisions connected with main operating costs should be established only in exceptional circumstances and, hence, when they concern the really incurred costs. In this case such provision is used to cover a change in deferred cost and accruals.