Społeczność żydowska w Łodzi, w latach 1945-1950. Zarys problemu
Streszczenie
Between 1945 and 1950 Łódź was the biggest city centre of Jews who had survived the
Holocaust. In the second half of 1946 (alter the repatriation from USSR) about 20-30,000
Jews lived there (according various sources). Their population decreased later. About 10-15,000
Jews stayed there after a surge of the emigration to Israel (1949-1950) and their national
separateness was emphasized more and more weakly.
A main organization of this environment was Wojewódzki Komitet Żydowski (The
Provincial Jewish Board), established in Februar 1945, which was under the authority of
Centralny Komitet Żydów w Polsce (The Central Jewish Boaid of Poland). The Board was
engaged in protective and cultural activity first of all. It organized kindergartens, day-rooms,
pupils’ hostels and orphanages. The action for productiveness of Jews was also an important
form of its activity.
There were 11 Jewish political parties then and also many sociétés and other organizations,
including Jewish national funds, supporting the fight for Jewish state m Palestine. The Jewish
Religious Congregation was also active.
Since 1945 Łódź was the main centre of Jewish cultural life. Headquarters of the most
important Jewish organizations were established in Łódź as well as well-known cultural
creators and activists settled there. The first after-var Jewish paper „Dos Naje Lebn” was
published there (among more than 20 others). The Jewish Theatre was revived and existed
actively under an artistic management of Ida Kamińska. Musicians, artists, cinema people had
also great achievments. 2 Jewish schools existed.
Since the end of 1940s these rich and various forms of activity of Jewish community
were gradually limited.
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