http://hdl.handle.net/11089/42619 Wed, 22 Apr 2026 23:00:19 GMT 2026-04-22T23:00:19Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/f56558f0-dd5a-40b9-8945-7b1552606fd5/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/42619 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58152 Innate and adaptive immune parameters and adiposity in non-obese adults Borkowska, Barbara; Nowak-Kornicka, Judyta; Pawłowski, Bogusław Introduction Excess body weight, mainly resulting from high body fat mass, is known to negatively affect immune system functioning due to the proinflammatory and prooxidative roles of adipose tissue. In general, most studies have documented the immunosuppressive role of adiposity by comparing selected immune markers between individuals of normal weight and those with obesity.Study aimsThis study investigates whether the amount of adipose tissue observed in overweight individuals may already negatively affect immune function.MethodsWe examined a broad panel of immunological parameters – both innate (WBC, neutrophil count, phagocytic uptake, respiratory burst, complement activity, lysozyme activity) and adaptive (total IgA, total IgG, CD3 count, CD19 count, the strength of antibody response to flu vaccination), in 85 women and 98 men aged 18–37 years, with a BMI between 18.5 and 29.99. As measures of adiposity, we used BMI on a continuous scale, BMI categorized as normal weight or overweight, and body fat mass percentage.ResultsIn women, CD3 count was positively associated with continuous BMI (p = 0.03) and categorized BMI (p = 0.006). CD19 was positively associated with continuous BMI (p = 0.03), categorized BMI (p = 0.01), and fat mass percentage (p = 0.02). In men, categorized BMI was positively associated with phagocytic uptake (p = 0.04). However, none of these relationships would remain statistically significant after applying corrections for multiple comparisons.ConclusionOur results suggest that there is no relationship between adiposity and the analyzed immunity markers in non-obese (normal weight and overweight) adults. Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58152 2026-03-31T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58149 Relationship between Psychomotor Abilities vs. the Declared and Actual Physical Activity Levels among Women over 65 Years of Age Herbert, Jarosław; Stopyra, Katarzyna; Grzywacz, Renata; Marks, Karolina; Kopeć, Dorota Introduction Psychomotor performance is a key indicator of functional aging and may be influenced by physical activity. Understanding how different activity levels relate to psychomotor abilities in older women is important for supporting independence in later life.Study Aim To examine the association between reaction time, visuomotor coordination, movement anticipation, and both subjective and objective physical activity levels in women aged 65+.Material and MethodsA total of 30 women from the University of the Third Age in Rzeszów (70.87 ± 6.07 years) participated. Psychomotor abilities were assessed using standardized computerized tasks, while physical activity was measured using a self-report questionnaire and objective monitoring.ResultsHigher engagement in household physical activities was associated with faster simple reaction time. Conversely, a greater number of steps and higher low-intensity activity co-occurred with slower responses in choice-based and anticipation tasks. Increased sedentary time was related to poorer visuomotor reaction speed.ConclusionsAlthough the observed associations were not fully consistent, the findings indicate that maintaining regular physical activity may help preserve psychomotor functioning and functional autonomy in aging women. Further research is needed to clarify the direction and mechanisms of these relationships. Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58149 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58151 Sex Estimation using Footprint Ridge Density – A Mini Review Seal, Saumya; Soták, Michal; Chovancová, Mária; Švábova, Petra; Beňuš, Radoslav INTRODUCTIONThe epidermal level of human footprint possesses raised ridges and furrows, which form unique patterns. Ridge density quantification, involving counting the ridges within a predefined unit area, emphasizes variability due to differences in epidermal ridge thickness. Analyses of these ridges exhibit sex-based differences, making it important for forensic identification purposes.STUDY AIMThe present mini review was conducted to showcase a targeted synthesis of seven research articles related to sex estimation using Footprint Ridge Density (FPRD).METHODSRelevant studies were identified through the search engines Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ResearchGate, using Boolean operators and/or, between 2010 and August 2025.RESULTSHigher FPRD were observed in females and statistically significant sexual dimorphism was inferred across plantar and toe regions, particularly at the medial ball and selected toe areas.CONCLUSIONSThis review provides key inferences from the existing literature and points out the potentiality of using FPRD as a reliable parameter in sex estimation studies to improve forensic procedures. Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58151 2026-03-12T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58150 Frequency of Basic Types of Dorsal Hand Vein Patterns in the Slovak Population Švábová, Petra; Kozáková, Zuzana; Orosová, Stela; Chovancová, Mária; Matušíková, Zuzana; Beňuš, Radoslav   Introduction Dorsal hand vein pattern represents a unique morphological feature of the human body which may serve as a biometric tool for forensic identification.Study Aim The primary aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of dorsal hand vein patterns in a Slovak adult population, with respect to sex and laterality of the hand.Material and MethodsThis study provides a morphological analysis of dorsal hand vein patterns in a sample of 70 healthy adults from the Slovak population. Vein configurations were classified using the 1951 system developed by Suchý, distinguishing four main types: branched, double-branched, simple, and composite.ResultsThe most frequent patterns were branched and double-branched, while the composite form was rare. No statistically significant differences were found between sexes or between hands, suggesting a high degree of bilateral and intersexual symmetry. A rare morphological subtype, labelled 2N4, appeared exclusively in females on the left hand, potentially reflecting sex-linked vascular variation.Conclusion The results support the hypothesis that dorsal venous architecture is largely determined by early developmental and genetic factors. Given the pattern stability and inter-individual variability, dorsal hand veins remain a promising biometric marker. Despite limitations related to imprinting technique and assessment subjectivity, the study offers a valuable anatomical reference for future biometric, forensic, or anthropological research. Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/58150 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z