http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26300 Thu, 30 Apr 2026 16:17:37 GMT 2026-04-30T16:17:37Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/581dcc83-466c-4fb2-a28f-7a8d19cc637e/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26300 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26693 The Water-wastewater-sludge Sector and the Circular Economy Lipińska, Danuta The objective of this paper is a theoretical and empirical analysis and evaluation of the role, importance and opportunities of the water-sewage-sludge industry in the implementation of the circular economy. To realize this objective, a review of both the literature and the EU strategic documents concerning the subject of the study was conducted. The applied research method is a descriptive analysis based on available statistical data (Eurostat, EEA, EIO and the Polish Central Statistical Office) as well as on source materials. The theoretical part of the work presents the essence of the circular economy and the general characteristics of the analyzed sector, with a particular focus on the potential for the recovery of water from sewage and the reuse of wastewater, as well as the recovery of phosphorus from the wastewater treatment, processing and disposal of sewage sludge. The results of the study show that: (1) there are significant links between the development goals of the water-sewage-sludge sector and the circular economy. (2) it is necessary to seek and implement new solutions and technologies leading to the increased recovery of energy and biogens from sewage sludge. (3) there are still many barriers to the recycling of rainwater and graywater as well as to the reuse of wastewater. (4) the circular economy creates new opportunities for water-sewage and sludge management at the local and national level. Mon, 24 Dec 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26693 2018-12-24T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26694 Preconditions for the Tax Environment of a Alterglobal Development Krysovatyy, Andriy I.; Zvarych, Iryna Ya.; Zvarych, Roman Ye.; Zhyvko, Maksym An. In this article, we analyzed economic surroundings as a precondition for the development of the tax environment in the context of alterglobal development. We admitted that economic globalization is harmful to the environment because it depends on its own viability: the constant increase in commodity consumption, the increased use of resources and the growing disposition to pollute waste in the ocean, on the ground, and in the air. So, we proposed considering and analyzing alterglobalization as a process oriented towards self-determination for peoples, communities and nations. In this context, we developed the idea about Environmental Fiscal Reform, including increasing green taxation and the phase-out of environmentally harmful subsidies as well as financial incentives, VAT reductions and tax breaks for green initiatives – providing the perfect conditions for the transition to a circular economy. As the new economy is developing at a rapid pace today – 10% per year, more than three times the global economic growth rate – it has a significant impact on competitiveness. Mon, 24 Dec 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26694 2018-12-24T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26691 The Impact of Interplay Between Formal and Informal Institutions on Corporate Governance Systems: a Comparative Study of CEECs Godlewska, Małgorzata; Pilewicz, Tomasz The central point of this paper is to present the results of comparative case study research concerning the impact of the interplay between formal and informal institutions in the corporate governance systems (CGS) of Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). Particular focus was put on the values of the corporate governance codes (CGC) of CEECs, as well as on transparent ownership structures, transactions with related parties, the protection of minority shareholders, independent members of supervisory boards, and separation between the CEO position and the chairman of the board of directors. The main subject of interest concerns two research areas: the character of the relationship between formal and informal institutions, as well as whether the interplay between them is relevant to the CGSs of CEECs. Moreover, the author investigates whether the CGCs of CEECs consist of regulations that are compatible with the values set up in preambles using research methods such as individual case study or deductive reasoning. The conclusion presented in the paper was drawn on the basis of a review of the literature and research on national and European corporate governance regulations, as well as the CGC of CEECs. The primary contribution this article makes is to advance the stream of research beyond any single country setting, and to link the literature on the interplay between formal and informal institutions related to CGSs in a broad range of economies in transition (‘catch up’ countries) like CEECs. This paper provides an understanding of how the interplay between formal and informal institutions may influence the CGCs of CEECs. Mon, 24 Dec 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26691 2018-12-24T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26692 Government Support and Firm Profitability in Vietnam Nguyen, Thanh Minh; Tran, Tuyen Quang; Do, Long Thanh Existing studies on the linkage between government subsidies and firm financial performance often use a mean regression approach and focus mainly on developed countries. To fill the gap, this study, for the first time, considers the impact of government support activities on the profitability of manufacturing SMEs in a developing country, Vietnam. Using an unbalanced panel dataset covering the period 2009–2015, government financial supports show an insignificant linkage with firm profitability when using OLS. However, a fixed-effect quantile approach reveals that government financial support is negatively related for firms with low profit but is positively related for firms in the high profitability percentile. Our findings also suggest that policymakers should focus on helping start-ups instead of ineffective, informal firms. Mon, 24 Dec 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26692 2018-12-24T00:00:00Z