http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2442 Wed, 08 Apr 2026 19:46:20 GMT 2026-04-08T19:46:20Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2614 Ekonomia rozwoju wobec problemów nędzy i nierówności społecznych na świecie Piasecki, Ryszard Development economics became a separate discipline in economic science in the 50s but only in the 60s and mid-70s can one note a bigger interest in those issues. Gradually, there has appeared an extensive literature concerning economic development. In the 80s it turned out, however, that despite some successes, the economic development of the majority of mid- and less developed countries was less satisfactory than expected. During most of the 80s and 90s the so-called Washington consensus dominated theory and practice of economic development. This notion covered the whole range of activities that were to lead the developing countries to greater welfare and prosperity. It included tough fiscal and monetary policy, deregulation, foreign trade and capital flow liberalisation, elimination of government subsidies, moderate taxation, liberalisation of interest rates, maintaining low inflation, etc. From the developmental experience of the past years, a new developmental paradigm is emerging, the elements of which can be described in the following way: • basic economic environment should support investments in the long term • economy should be very sensitive to market stimuli • human resources should complement physical capital • information quick flow and absorption in the fast changing world attribute the key role to the institutions and mechanisms which jointly react to the stimuli. • Wherever there are market imperfections, state intervention should be market friendly. • Social equality must be guaranteed if the economic development is supposed to last on a sustainable basis. Thu, 15 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2614 2008-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2613 Zagadnienie lichwy w ujęciu wielkich religii monoteistycznych Ramocka, Małgorzata This article provides a comparative analysis of the attitudes of three major monotheistic religions – Judaism, Christianity and Islam – to the practice of usury and looks at why these attitudes developed in different ways. Each of the parts presents the opinions of one of the religious systems, analysing the Old and New Testaments, as well as the Koran, by looking at the duties that the Holy Scriptures required of their followers. The first part is devoted to Judaism. According to this model, the moral value of usury was dependent on the ethnic and religious origins of the borrower probably because of special historical and cultural associations between the idea of money and the Jewish people. The second part is concerned with usury in Christian religion, presenting the attitude expressed in the Gospel, as well as later comments of Fathers of the Church, in order to put the change in moral attitudes to usury in its historical context. Finally, the article presents the point of view of Islam devoting particular attention to the historical reasons for the development of its specific attitude to usury, but also outlining contemporary solutions adopted in the present-day Islamic world. Thu, 15 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2613 2008-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2612 Sprawiedliwe nierówności a aksjologia ładu instytucjonalnego Woźniak, Michał Gabriel The author of article proves that in the era of the globalization the institutional order of national economy is influenced by the distorted competition which results in domination of the managers and technicians of great corporations. It is their businesses that define the economic policy. In the world of asymmetric information, oligopolistic competition, political market and progressive commercialization of the axiological sphere the rules of thinking and acting are merely reduced to the strategy of self-advantage. This situation results in ineffective institutional protection at the global, regional and national levels. To remove social inequalities effectively it is necessary to have control over the dominating groups in society and to develop coherent norms of institutional protection. There is also a need for the development of human capital and its modernization as a common notion of moral values of society and the individual. Thu, 15 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2612 2008-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2611 Kultura zaufania w organizacji. Istota – potrzeba – kształtowanie Czajkowska, Maria The article brings up the problem of making use of trust in organization management. Modern organizations and the conditions of their functioning enforce some inevitable changes in different areas of their activity. An attempt at adapting to these changes may be shaping trust culture and an opportunity to use this tool in organization management. The article contains elements of trust theory as well as organizational culture theory. It also presents an effort put into defining the guidelines for organization management concerning the trust culture shaping (on the basis of a theoretical model) and positive aspects of trust existing in an organization as well as a possibility of using it in management science as an effective tool. Thu, 15 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/2611 2008-05-15T00:00:00Z