http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22314 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 21:33:54 GMT 2026-04-06T21:33:54Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/4724aab0-a4ba-4e5a-83a7-02c79953bd7a/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22314 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22326 Policies Supporting Innovation In The European Union In The Context Of The Lisbon Strategy And The Europe 2020 Strategy Gajewski, Marek In the context of increasing globalization, global competition and rapid change the EU sees innovation and its commercialization as an effective way to build long-term global competitive advantage. Innovation policy is a link between research and technological development policy and industrial policy and makes it possible to create conditions conducive to bringing ideas to the market. It is also closely linked to other EU policies regarding e.g. employment, competitiveness, environment, industry and energy. This paper presents the evolution, conditions and objectives of the innovation policy of the European, and describes the main assumptions of the Lisbon and Europe 2020 strategies. Additionally it indicates possible ways of assessing the measures undertaken within the above-mentioned policies and of determining the tools necessary to implement the strategies. Fri, 23 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22326 2017-06-23T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22327 Economic Cooperation Between The European Union And Japan Drzymała, Agnieszka The aim of the paper is to show the history of economic relations between the European Union and Japan. This economy is very important to the EU and the countries of the EU are interested in further deepening areas of cooperation. Therefore it seems important to indicate the political will to continue mutual economic relations through the signing of contracts and bilateral agreements, as well as meetings at various levels, including SPA and EPA negotiations and summits. The course of the current economic cooperation will be shown through trade volume and foreign direct investment outflows from the European Union to Japan. Fri, 23 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22327 2017-06-23T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22325 Unemployment Rates Forecasts – Unobserved Component Models Versus SARIMA Models In Central And Eastern European Countries Będowska-Sójka, Barbara In this paper we compare the accuracy of unemployment rates forecasts of eight Central and Eastern European countries. The unobserved component models and seasonal ARIMA models are used within a rolling short-term forecast experiment as an out-of-sample test of forecast accuracy. We find that unemployment rates present clear unconditional asymmetry in three out of eight countries. Half the cases there is no difference between forecasting accuracy of the methods used in the study. In the remaining, a proper specification of seasonal ARIMA model allows to generate better forecasts than from unobserved component models. The forecasting accuracy deteriorates in periods of rapid upward and downward movement and improves in periods of gradual change in the unemployment rates. Fri, 23 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22325 2017-06-23T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22324 Foreign Direct Investment And Poverty Reduction Magombeyi, Mercy. T.; Odhiambo, Nicholas M. This paper provides a detailed survey of the literature on the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on poverty reduction, outlining the theoretical and empirical relationship between these variables. Although a number of studies have been done on the impact of FDI on poverty reduction, the majority of these studies have focused on the indirect impact of FDI on poverty reduction. The bulk of the literature reviewed supports the positive effects of foreign direct investment on poverty reduction, although a few studies have also found foreign direct investment to have an adverse or insignificant effect on poverty reduction. This study differs fundamentally from previous studies in that it focuses on the direct impact of FDI on poverty reduction, giving a detailed review of the nature of this relationship. Fri, 23 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/22324 2017-06-23T00:00:00Z