http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13265 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 16:35:47 GMT 2026-04-05T16:35:47Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13285 Błażej Stolarski. Droga do awansu cywilizacyjnego chłopa polskiego w latach 1900-1918 Perzyna, Paweł Błażej Stolarski’s social rise linked with economic and social changes which took place at the beginning of the XXth century. In consequence of his self-education as well as a wide-spread educational, cultural and economic action of the national movement on the country areas of the Kingdom of Poland, Stolarski became aware of necessity of an intensification in agriculture. Stolarski’s activity in the Agricultural Circles (since 1907), the most important social and economic organization of peasants in the Kingdom of Poland, as well as a process of social democratization made it possible for him to enter political activity. In 1912 he became a co-founder of Narodowy Związek Chłopski (The National League of Peasants). In 1915 Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe PSL (Polish Peasants’ Party), which united 3 political organizations of peasants, designated B. Stolarski to Centralny Komitet Narodowy (Central National Committee), being a representation of the independence parties of the Kingdom of Poland. The most successful for Stolarski’s own political career was 1917. He became a member of Tymczasowa Rada Stanu (Provisional State Council) and a chairman of PSL then. In November 1918 B. Stolarski entered into the Provisional People’s Government of the Republic of Poland in Lublin and signed it’s programm declaration. B. Stolarski devoted himself to a development of an educational system in Będków district. In 1914 he founded a school in Shigocice and 3 years later he became a co-founder and a chairman of a society for establishing a secondary school in Będków. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13285 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13284 Koncepcje społeczno-polityczne i gospodarcze Związku Naprawy Rzeczypospolitej (1926-1928) Waingertner, Przemysław Związek Naprawy Rzeczypospolitej - ZNR, „Naprawa” (The League for Reforms of the Republic) came into existence on the turn of May and June 1926. It was organized by activists of secret Związek Patriotyczny (The Patriotic League) as a public representation of Związek Młodzieży Polskiej „Zet” (The League of Polish Youth „Zet”). „Naprawa” supported J. Pitsudski’s coup d’etat. It tried to create a political movement, supporting Piłsudski’s activity and creating an ideology for the sanacja political camp which was formed then. ZNR activists declared for democratic system and opposed dictatorship, however, they criticized parliamentary system, demanding presidential one. They supported a development of the municipal autonomy and tolerant policy towards national minorities, promoting state assimilation. ZNR supported also the etatism and state interventionism in economy. An important part played activists of the syndicalist wing of the league, who tried to create strong and independent from political parties trade unions, which should have an influence on the legislation and should become a support for the government. In the matter of foreign policy, „Naprawa” provided that Poland should stabilize political situation of Central-Eastern Europe. An analysis on the ZNR programm shows that it combined both rightist and leftist ideas. It is difficult to deline an ideological aspect of this organization. An attitude towards the state is an element which should make it possible to explain clearly the programm of „Naprawa”. The state was perceived by ZNR activists as the highest form of organization for political, economic, social and national life, as well as their political activity had reference to state interest. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13284 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13283 Przymusowa kartelizacja przemysłu II Rzeczypospolitej w latach 1925-1933 Łapa, Małgorzata One of more important issues, concerning industry of the Polish Republic II, was state policy towards obligatory cartels. After J. Pilsudski's coup d’etat sanacja authorities, having an interest to win business spheres’ support, exposed its positive attitude towards cartels. Number of cartels grew rapidly since 1925. An economic importance of cartels increased and the main branches of economy were comprised by the cartelization. The Government had an influence on cartels agreements. The state interventionism in economy, tending to the obligatory cartelization, appeard in using proper policy of customs, credits and tarrifs towards some branches of industry. The Government had also a direct influence on organizational matters of some cartels. This interference appeared in special legal acts for exemple, which changed organizational structures of cartels or created new ones. Between 1925 and 1933 the coal, sugar, textile and alcohol industries were obligatory cartelized among others. The Government tended to subordinate main branches of industry in result of a conviction that cartels should prevent a disorder of domestic market and should be an effective instrument of economic policy, creating an economic balance and a rapid industralization of Poland. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13283 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13282 Powstanie i działalność Polskiej Partii Socjalistycznej dawna Frakcja Rewolucyjna w Łodzi i w okręgu (1928-1939) Nartonowicz-Kot, Maria As soon as PPS (Polish Socialist Party) opposed the after-May 1926 government in December 1926, a clear division, between J. Piłsudski’s supporters and these activists who gave priority to party interests over personal feelings, appeard. In consequence of a final conflict between these factions, a new party - Polska Partia Socjalistyczna-dawna Frakcja Rewolucyjna PPSdFR (Polish Socialist Party-Former Revolutionary Fraction), leaded by Rajmund Jaworowski and his political friends, came into existence in the autumn of 1928. The PPSdFR organizational committee in Łódź was established on October 22, 1928 with Stefan Płóciennik as a chairman. Not many the PPS members of Łódź joined PPSdFR at the first stage of the split. The number of party members increased next months, however, permanent discords, being a result of wrong personal policy, caused that PPSdFR never played an important part in political life of Łódź. A similar process occured also in other towns of the district, like Pabianice, Zgierz, Zduńska Wola, Tuszyn, and Ruda Pabianicka. During the ten years of its existence PPSdFR showed poor activity which became manifest just at the opportunity of political campaigns for parliamentary or municipal elections. PPSdFR took also steps to divide class trade unions. At the beginning of 1929 the District Council of Trade Unions v/as established in Łódź and it joined Centrala Zjednoczenia Klasowych Związków Zawodowych CZKZZ (The Centre for the Unity of the Class Trade Unions). Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/13282 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z