http://hdl.handle.net/11089/11 Thu, 29 Oct 2026 07:15:37 GMT 2026-10-29T07:15:37Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/f094b6ac-440a-43f0-959c-d552adc1a40d/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/11 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59456 Bilateral Relations Index (BRI): Data for Nigeria's relationships with world and middle powers (dataset) Kobierecki, Michał The project aims to develop a method for measuring bilateral relations between states using quantitative data. The Bilateral Relations Index (BRI) makes it possible to assess the state of bilateral relations between any pair of countries. Among other things, the tool enables an assessment of whether a particular initiative, action, or event has led to a noticeable change in bilateral relations, as well as the identification of trends and fluctuations. This study focuses on an analysis of Nigeria's relations with world and middle powers. The dataset provides the data used to measure bilateral relations between Nigeria and the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, China, Japan, India, and Brazil from 1992 to 2023. The data were generated using the Bilateral Relations Index (BRI). Fri, 09 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59456 2026-10-09T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59455 Hybrydowość i asymetryczność przyszłych konfliktów w cyberprzestrzeni Rakowski, Mateusz This doctoral dissertation examines how the digital revolution has transformed contemporary conflict, with a focus on the impact of cyberspace on modern asymmetric, irregular and hybrid warfare. Rather than operating as an independent domain, cyberspace permeates all areas of conflict, exploiting characteristics such as low barriers to entry, difficulty in establishing attribution, and an unbounded geography to reduce the threshold for hostilities and empower non-state actors. Using systems analysis, comparative-historical methods and interpretative frameworks, the study critically evaluates Western, Russian and Chinese doctrinal perspectives alongside empirical case studies and policy documents. The findings demonstrate that, although asymmetry and hybridity are historically persistent, digitalisation has radically altered their scale and tempo, blurring the line between peace and war. Although states attempt to partially de-digitalise critical infrastructure for protection, complete isolation is unfeasible due to deep structural dependencies. Ultimately, the dissertation proposes adopting a paradigm of permanent uncertainty and suggests using a probabilistic risk-assessment model to inform strategic decision-making in complex environments where cyberspace continuously intensifies, exacerbates, and escalates traditional kinetic conflict. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59455 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59454 Znaczenie sił zbrojnych w polityce zagranicznej Federacji Rosyjskiej w latach 2008-2022 Dyner, Anna Maria The main aim of my doctoral dissertation entitled The role of the armed forces in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation between 2008 and 2022 was to show the significance of the use of the Russian armed forces in it’s foreign policy between 2008 and 2022. The timeframe of this study – 2008–2022 – is defined by two landmark events. In 2008, for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia went to war with another country. The year 2022, meanwhile, marks an equally clear turning point with Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Following an analysis of source materials and relevant literature, the following research hypothesis was formulated: The military factor is a key element in the pursuit of Russian foreign policy objectives such as: maintaining the country’s territorial integrity, preserving Russia’s dominant position almost across the entire former Soviet Union, and restoring Russia to its role as one of the world’s most important players.The analyses and research carried out clearly show that, for Russia, the military factor is crucial to the conduct of its foreign policy.The main conclusion of this dissertation is as follows: the armed forces and their capabilities will remain an intrinsic and crucial element of Russia’s foreign policy. Moreover, the research carried out suggests that Russia will continue to use hard power as its primary tool in attempting to shape the international order, unless it encounters firm resistance from stronger states and organisations such as the US and NATO. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59454 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59176 Bilateral Relations Index (BRI): Data for analysis of China-Japan Bilateral Relations (dataset) Kobierecki, Michał Marcin; Czulda, Robert The project aims to develop a method for measuring bilateral relations between states using quantitative data. The Bilateral Relations Index (BRI) makes it possible to assess the state of bilateral relations between any pair of countries. Among other things, the tool enables an assessment of whether a particular initiative, action, or event has led to a noticeable change in bilateral relations, as well as the identification of trends and fluctuations. This study focuses on an analysis of China–Japan relations. The dataset provides the data used to measure bilateral relations between China and Japan from 1992 to 2023. The data were generated using the Bilateral Relations Index (BRI). Tue, 25 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59176 2026-08-25T00:00:00Z