http://hdl.handle.net/11089/16446 2026-04-03T21:01:42Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/16547 Definicja przysłowia w wybranych opracowaniach francuskich, niemieckich i polskich oraz próba konfrontatywnej analizy problemu Zakrzewski, Paweł In the paper Definition of proverb in selected French, German and Polish papers and an attempt of contrastive analysis of the issue, there is an attempt of creating a concise and clear definition of proverb, by comparing the definitions of different authors. Thus, proverb is a short and autonomous expression, with normative and didactic message, transferred metaphorically. In addition, the paper describes briefly the current results of sociolinguistic research, studying the relations between languages and language communities, as well as analysing similarities and differences between languages. Moreover, there are presented some results of a practical comparative analysis of a collection of French, German and Polish proverbs. It is shown that dog and cat are the most frequent animals in analysed examples, and that the “ statistical proverb animal” is a mammal. As far as their normative message is concerned, they concern generally the norms defending dignity and justice. Finally, it is concluded that there are practically no differences in treating the issue between the French, German and Polish societies. 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/16546 Wykaz prac magisterskich z zakresu językoznawstwa polonistycznego ukończonych w latach 1996-2000 na Uniwersytecie Łódzkim 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/16544 Czy można stworzyć jedną semantykę dla różnych płaszczyzn języka? Florczak, Jacek We distinguish different features in lexeme content which correspond to different types of features generated on various language levels. The content of a lexeme in system is limited to its inherent features implied from idealised relations of identity and opposition between words. The content of a lexeme in usage depends on extraindividual linguistic associations which are beyond pure systemic contents. The content in discourse may contain also occasional features which can be totally different from systemic or usage contents. However, this various types of lexeme features specific to different language levels still belong to one lexeme in one language. This circulation of notions: 1 language «-* different levels and I content - various features rises a question: is it possible to make one semantics for one language and for one lexeme content. In the paper we want to present different methods of lexeme features analysis specific to particular language levels and to describe a tentative to obtain one method for the analysis of all types of lexeme features on all language levels. The aim of the paper is to show serious paradoxes due to confusion of different language levels and its typical contents. It is an evidence th at it is impossible to obtain a consistent universal semantics giving tools for description and analysis of lexeme contents on all language levels together. 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/16543 Cловообразование имен лиц с суффиксами -(н)ик и -щик в русском языке XVII века : (на материале мемуаров Котошихина "O России в царствование Алексея Михайловича") Kamińska, Anna This article is devoted to the word-formation of personal nouns with suffixes: and - iiik in Russian Language of 17th century. The analysis of the Kotosixin’s memoirs leads to the conclusion th at both -(n)ik and -iiik were two of the most widespread suffixes in forming personal nouns according to people’s activities or their distinctive features. What is more, -(n)ik became especially productive in professional names including simple manufacturers, craftsmen and masters. Apart from that, special attention is paid to the contexts illustrating the usage of the derivatives like: горшечник, каретник and their equivalents: горшечного дела мастер, каретный мастер. 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z