Koncepcje geopolityczne Iwana Dusińskiego
Streszczenie
The paper presents the achievements of one of the pioneers of the Russian
geopolitics, Ivan Dusinski. He was the author of the book, published in 1910 in Odessa,
entitled Fundamental problems of the foreign politics of Russia in connection with the
program of its military and maritime policies. This book was brought back to the public
memory and published again in Moscow in 2003 under a mode adequate title of
Geopolitics of Russia. The paper tries to demonstrate that this book, in view of the
novelty of ideas and interesting interpretations is indeed worth considering and deserves
a critical assessment. The contemporary Russian analysts consider Dusinski, side by side
with Ratzel, Kjellén, Mackinder or Haushofer, among the great founders of the modern
geopolitics.
The paper presents the biography of Ivan Dusinski, as well as his political and
philosophical views. He was a representative of the extreme nationalist and imperialist
views. He aimed at the establishment of a great Russian empire through military
conquests and territorial annexations. In order to render the ideological views of
Dusinski and his territorial program only two most essential substantive questions were
subject to analysis. The first of these is associated with the concept of Dusinski,
stipulating the necessity of establishment of the great Slavonic community. The next one
concerns the proposal and the program of annexations with respect to the Russia’s
neighbours. The territorial reach of this program, along with its geographical and
political consequences, are shown. Further, the opinion of Dusinski, concerning the
future of Poland and Poles, has also been outlined. It is also indicated in the final
remarks that the foundations of the modern Russian geopolitics have been established in
the same period with the bases of the geopolitics in the world W treści artykułu przedstawiono dokonania twórcze rosyjskiego myśliciela Iwana Dusińskiego.
Był on autorem interesującej książki opublikowanej w 1910 r. w Odessie, poświęconej problematyce
geopolitycznej Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego. To prekursorskie dzieło naukowe zostało zaprezentowane
i poddane interpretacji. Zwrócono uwagę na jego propozycję związaną z utworzeniem
imperium słowiańskiego pod patronatem i zwierzchnictwem Rosji. Wymagało to opracowania
zaprogramowanej i celowej polityki aneksyjnej, określono jej zakres terytorialny i konsekwencje
geograficzne i polityczne. W zakończeniu zawarto stanowisko autora dotyczące przyszłości
Polski.
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