Próba panelu z użyciem ankiety (badanie uczestników wycieczek zagranicznych przed i po wycieczce)
Streszczenie
Research Note
One of the problems of modern .social psychology is that of stereotypes and social biases, including ethnic biases. It seemed interesting to test in what ways direct personal contacts between members of various nations, made possible by tourist travelling, diminish such biases.
The present survey tried to grasp attitudes of Polish tourists towards two nations: the Czechs and the Hungarians. To grasp the influence of personal contacts on eventual shifts of stereotypes, a panel procedure was employed. The first series of research was made before a trip to one of those countries, the second one after the trip. First questionnaires had been filled in by participants during information meetings of groups before their departures. Second series of questionnaires was filled in the train during the return travel. The control group consisted of 75 young persons who had not travelled abroad. This group also filled their questionnaires twice with an interval of two weeks, which in an average duration of a trip.
Questionnaire 1 contained detailed questions about attitudes towards Czechs and Hungarians, as well as some more general ones, about eventual biases and enmities towards other nations. There were also a few questions shedding light upon sources of stereotypes and biases. Questionnaire 2 contained the same questions about Czechs, Hungarians and other nations, and some new questions asking about impressions and degree of satisfaction with the trip.
The questionnaires were anonymous; after the two series of research, questionnaires 1 and 2 were matched together on the ground of personal data inserted at the end of each form. In general 264 questionnaires of the 1st series and 239 of the 2nd series have been collected and 202 pairs have been matched together. The control group supplied 75 complete pairs of questionnaires.
The attempt to use the panel technique by means of a questionnaire may be appreciated as successful (more than 200 pairs of questionnaires have been collected). However, dissimilarity of situations in which the material was secured accounts for difficulties in its interpretation. Only after a searching analysis that would overcome those difficulties will it be possible to appreciate the whole method employed in the survey.
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