Tradycje ludowe w muzyce wojskowych jednostek podhalańskich (1918–1939). Wybrane zagadnienia i postacie
Streszczenie
The martial music has accompanied the people since the antiquity. It has
been used to announce military events or accompany marching formations but
first of all to intimidate the enemy and to encourage the fighting soldiers.
In November 1918 Poland restored sovereignty after 123 years of partition
by the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg Empire. The
Polish Army was organized. In the south of Poland the highlander riflemen units
were created thanks to the activity of colonel/general Andrzej Galica
(1873–1945). These regiments obtained the uniforms referring to traditional folk
costumes of Gorale (Polish highlanders). They wore special cloaks and hats.
Also the martial music of the Polish highlander riflemen units had a source in
the folk music. The folk instruments, like the bagpipes, were adapted for martial
orchestras. A traditional hiking stick/weapon of the Gorale, called ciupaga, was
used to conduct the orchestras.
In the article three characters of highlander riflemen band masters were
presented. These are: Mieczysław Mordarski (1888–1959) – the 1st highlander
riflemen regiment; Maksymilian Firek (1888–1871) – the 2nd highlander riflemen
regiment; Zdenko Karol Rund (1889–1962) – the 3rd highlander riflemen
regiment.
Nowadays Orkiestra Reprezentacyjna Straży Granicznej (The Representative
Band of the Border Guard of the Republic of Poland) in Nowy Sącz and
Orkiestra Garnizonowa (The Garrison Band) in Rzeszów cultivate the Polish
highlanders traditions in their music.
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